Gastrointestinal adverse events of tirzepatide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis and trials sequential analysis.

Tong K, Yin S, Yu Y, Yang X, Hu G, Zhang F, Liu Z

Medicine1 Oct 2023Cited by 9 (Europe PMC)

PMID37904345PMCIDPMC10615484DOI10.1097/md.0000000000035488PepBankPUB-37904345

Read at source PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study21

21 results from studies that gave the peptide. 21 results from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, total gastrointestinal adverse events were significantly higher with tirzepatide than with placebo in all dose groups.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide caused more stomach and gut side effects overall than placebo at all doses.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseTotal GI adverse events versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Meta-analysis showed that compared with placebo, total GI AEs, nausea, decreased appetite, constipation and vomiting were significantly higher in all dose groups of TZP (P < .05), while abdominal pain and abdominal distension were comparable (P > .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434501
02HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, nausea was significantly higher with tirzepatide than with placebo in all dose groups.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, nausea was more common with tirzepatide than with placebo at all doses.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseNausea versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Meta-analysis showed that compared with placebo, total GI AEs, nausea, decreased appetite, constipation and vomiting were significantly higher in all dose groups of TZP (P < .05), while abdominal pain and abdominal distension were comparable (P > .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434502
03HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, decreased appetite was significantly higher with tirzepatide than with placebo in all dose groups.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, reduced appetite was more common with tirzepatide than with placebo at all doses.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseDecreased appetite versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Meta-analysis showed that compared with placebo, total GI AEs, nausea, decreased appetite, constipation and vomiting were significantly higher in all dose groups of TZP (P < .05), while abdominal pain and abdominal distension were comparable (P > .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434503
04HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, constipation was significantly higher with tirzepatide than with placebo in all dose groups.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, constipation was more common with tirzepatide than with placebo at all doses.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseConstipation versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Meta-analysis showed that compared with placebo, total GI AEs, nausea, decreased appetite, constipation and vomiting were significantly higher in all dose groups of TZP (P < .05), while abdominal pain and abdominal distension were comparable (P > .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434504
05HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, vomiting was significantly higher with tirzepatide than with placebo in all dose groups.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, vomiting was more common with tirzepatide than with placebo at all doses.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseVomiting versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Meta-analysis showed that compared with placebo, total GI AEs, nausea, decreased appetite, constipation and vomiting were significantly higher in all dose groups of TZP (P < .05), while abdominal pain and abdominal distension were comparable (P > .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434505
06HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, abdominal pain was comparable between tirzepatide and placebo.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, abdominal pain was similar with tirzepatide and with placebo.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
No significant changeAbdominal pain versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Meta-analysis showed that compared with placebo, total GI AEs, nausea, decreased appetite, constipation and vomiting were significantly higher in all dose groups of TZP (P < .05), while abdominal pain and abdominal distension were comparable (P > .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434506
07HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, abdominal distension was comparable between tirzepatide and placebo.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, abdominal distension was similar with tirzepatide and with placebo.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
No significant changeAbdominal distension versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Meta-analysis showed that compared with placebo, total GI AEs, nausea, decreased appetite, constipation and vomiting were significantly higher in all dose groups of TZP (P < .05), while abdominal pain and abdominal distension were comparable (P > .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434507
08HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, nausea was significantly increased with tirzepatide compared with insulin at all doses.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, nausea was more common with tirzepatide than with insulin at all doses.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseNausea versus insulin
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Insulin
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with insulin, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and decreased appetite were significantly increased in all doses of TZP (P < .05), and dyspepsia was significantly increased with TZP 15 mg (P < .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434508
09HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, diarrhea was significantly increased with tirzepatide compared with insulin at all doses.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, diarrhea was more common with tirzepatide than with insulin at all doses.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseDiarrhea versus insulin
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Insulin
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with insulin, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and decreased appetite were significantly increased in all doses of TZP (P < .05), and dyspepsia was significantly increased with TZP 15 mg (P < .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434509
10HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, vomiting was significantly increased with tirzepatide compared with insulin at all doses.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, vomiting was more common with tirzepatide than with insulin at all doses.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseVomiting versus insulin
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Insulin
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with insulin, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and decreased appetite were significantly increased in all doses of TZP (P < .05), and dyspepsia was significantly increased with TZP 15 mg (P < .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434510
11HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, decreased appetite was significantly increased with tirzepatide compared with insulin at all doses.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, reduced appetite was more common with tirzepatide than with insulin at all doses.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseDecreased appetite versus insulin
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Insulin
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with insulin, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and decreased appetite were significantly increased in all doses of TZP (P < .05), and dyspepsia was significantly increased with TZP 15 mg (P < .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434511
12HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, dyspepsia was significantly increased with tirzepatide 15 mg compared with insulin.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, indigestion was more common with tirzepatide 15 mg than with insulin.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseDyspepsia versus insulin, 15 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Insulin
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
15 mgAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with insulin, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and decreased appetite were significantly increased in all doses of TZP (P < .05), and dyspepsia was significantly increased with TZP 15 mg (P < .05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434512
13HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, decreased appetite was significantly higher with tirzepatide 5 mg than with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, reduced appetite was more common with tirzepatide 5 mg than with GLP-1 drugs.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseDecreased appetite versus GLP-1 RA, 5 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
5 mgAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with GLP-1 RA, decreased appetite was significantly higher with TZP 5 mg
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434513
14HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, total gastrointestinal adverse events were significantly higher with tirzepatide 10 mg than with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide 10 mg caused more stomach and gut side effects overall than GLP-1 drugs.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseTotal GI adverse events versus GLP-1 RA, 10 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
10 mgAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with GLP-1 RA, decreased appetite was significantly higher with TZP 5 mg, total GI AEs, decreased appetite and diarrhea were significantly higher with TZP 10 mg
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434514
15HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, decreased appetite was significantly higher with tirzepatide 10 mg than with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, reduced appetite was more common with tirzepatide 10 mg than with GLP-1 drugs.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseDecreased appetite versus GLP-1 RA, 10 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
10 mgAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with GLP-1 RA, decreased appetite was significantly higher with TZP 5 mg, total GI AEs, decreased appetite and diarrhea were significantly higher with TZP 10 mg
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434515
16HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, diarrhea was significantly higher with tirzepatide 10 mg than with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, diarrhea was more common with tirzepatide 10 mg than with GLP-1 drugs.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
IncreaseDiarrhea versus GLP-1 RA, 10 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
10 mgAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with GLP-1 RA, decreased appetite was significantly higher with TZP 5 mg, total GI AEs, decreased appetite and diarrhea were significantly higher with TZP 10 mg
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434516
17HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, the abstract reports nausea as significantly different between tirzepatide and GLP-1 receptor agonists in all dose groups but gives no direction, and its conclusion calls gastrointestinal adverse events comparable with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, the abstract is unclear whether nausea differed between tirzepatide and GLP-1 drugs.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Direction not reportedNausea versus GLP-1 RA
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
while nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia and constipation were significantly different in all dose groups
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Compared with GLP-1 RA, decreased appetite was significantly higher with TZP 5 mg
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434517
18HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, the abstract reports vomiting as significantly different between tirzepatide and GLP-1 receptor agonists in all dose groups but gives no direction, and its conclusion calls gastrointestinal adverse events comparable with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, the abstract is unclear whether vomiting differed between tirzepatide and GLP-1 drugs.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Direction not reportedVomiting versus GLP-1 RA
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
while nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia and constipation were significantly different in all dose groups
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Compared with GLP-1 RA, decreased appetite was significantly higher with TZP 5 mg
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434518
19HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, the abstract reports dyspepsia as significantly different between tirzepatide and GLP-1 receptor agonists in all dose groups but gives no direction, and its conclusion calls gastrointestinal adverse events comparable with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, the abstract is unclear whether indigestion differed between tirzepatide and GLP-1 drugs.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Direction not reportedDyspepsia versus GLP-1 RA
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
while nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia and constipation were significantly different in all dose groups
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Compared with GLP-1 RA, decreased appetite was significantly higher with TZP 5 mg
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434519
20HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, the abstract reports constipation as significantly different between tirzepatide and GLP-1 receptor agonists in all dose groups but gives no direction, and its conclusion calls gastrointestinal adverse events comparable with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, the abstract is unclear whether constipation differed between tirzepatide and GLP-1 drugs.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
Direction not reportedConstipation versus GLP-1 RA
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
while nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia and constipation were significantly different in all dose groups
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Compared with GLP-1 RA, decreased appetite was significantly higher with TZP 5 mg
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434520
21HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, abdominal pain was not significantly different between tirzepatide and GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, abdominal pain did not differ significantly between tirzepatide and GLP-1 drugs.
Peptide
Tirzepatide
Outcome
No significant changeAbdominal pain versus GLP-1 RA
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
all dosesAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
abdominal pain were not significantly different (P < .05) and TSA showed no conclusive results in this group.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Compared with GLP-1 RA, decreased appetite was significantly higher with TZP 5 mg
Summary · context
Clinical trials of TZP for T2DM were retrieved from eight databases published only from the establishment of the database to February 2023.
Report a problemFND-3790434521

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
9 Oct 2026, 19:08 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:07 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

MeSH terms

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