Mechanism of thymosin β4 in ameliorating liver fibrosis via the MAPK/NF-κB pathway.

Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Mou Q, Ren T, Zhu L

Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology21 May 2023Cited by 7 (Europe PMC)

PMID37211724DOI10.1002/jbt.23338PepBankPUB-37211724

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured2

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In mice with bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis, the body's own Tβ4 was downregulated.
In plain wordsIn mice with liver scarring, the body's own thymosin β4 was lower.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseTβ4 expression in BDL mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Bile duct ligation (BDL) liver fibrosis model
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 was downregulated in BDL mice.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The liver fibrosis mouse models were established via bile duct ligation (BDL) and verified by HE and Masson staining.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-3721172401
02LabEndogenous levelIn vitro (cells)Other
In TGF-β1-induced fibrotic LX-2 cells, the cells' own Tβ4 was reduced.
In plain wordsIn scar-forming liver cells, the cells' own thymosin β4 was lower.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseTβ4 expression in TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells
Study
n: not reported in source
TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
In TGF-β1-induced fibrotic LX-2 cells, Tβ4 was reduced
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The liver fibrosis mouse models were established via bile duct ligation (BDL) and verified by HE and Masson staining.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-3721172403

Studies that did not test the peptide alone7

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

03AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice with bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis, Tβ4 overexpression inhibited liver fibrosis.
In plain wordsIn mice with liver scarring, raising thymosin β4 by gene overexpression reduced liver scarring.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseLiver fibrosis with Tβ4 overexpression
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Bile duct ligation (BDL) liver fibrosis model
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 overexpression inhibited liver fibrosis.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The liver fibrosis mouse models were established via bile duct ligation (BDL) and verified by HE and Masson staining.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-3721172402
04AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In BDL mice, Tβ4 overexpression blocked activation of the MAPK/NF-κB pathway.
In plain wordsIn mice with liver scarring, raising thymosin β4 by gene overexpression blocked an inflammation signal pathway.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseMAPK/NF-κB pathway activation in BDL mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Bile duct ligation (BDL) liver fibrosis model
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 overexpression blocked the MAPK/NF-κB pathway activation by reducing ROS production, thus inhibiting liver fibrosis in TGF-β1 induced LX-2 cells and BDL mice.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The liver fibrosis mouse models were established via bile duct ligation (BDL) and verified by HE and Masson staining.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-3721172407
05AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In BDL mice, Tβ4 overexpression reduced ROS production.
In plain wordsIn mice with liver scarring, raising thymosin β4 by gene overexpression lowered oxidative stress.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseROS production in BDL mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Bile duct ligation (BDL) liver fibrosis model
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 overexpression blocked the MAPK/NF-κB pathway activation by reducing ROS production, thus inhibiting liver fibrosis in TGF-β1 induced LX-2 cells and BDL mice.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The liver fibrosis mouse models were established via bile duct ligation (BDL) and verified by HE and Masson staining.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-3721172409
06LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In TGF-β1-induced fibrotic LX-2 cells, Tβ4 overexpression suppressed cell migration.
In plain wordsIn scar-forming liver cells, raising thymosin β4 by gene overexpression reduced cell movement.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseLX-2 cell migration with Tβ4 overexpression
Study
n: not reported in source
TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
while Tβ4 overexpression suppressed cell migration and proliferation.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The liver fibrosis mouse models were established via bile duct ligation (BDL) and verified by HE and Masson staining.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-3721172404
07LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In TGF-β1-induced fibrotic LX-2 cells, Tβ4 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation.
In plain wordsIn scar-forming liver cells, raising thymosin β4 by gene overexpression reduced cell multiplication.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseLX-2 cell proliferation with Tβ4 overexpression
Study
n: not reported in source
TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
while Tβ4 overexpression suppressed cell migration and proliferation.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The liver fibrosis mouse models were established via bile duct ligation (BDL) and verified by HE and Masson staining.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-3721172405
08LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells, Tβ4 overexpression blocked activation of the MAPK/NF-κB pathway.
In plain wordsIn scar-forming liver cells, raising thymosin β4 by gene overexpression blocked an inflammation signal pathway.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseMAPK/NF-κB pathway activation in LX-2 cells
Study
n: not reported in source
TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 overexpression blocked the MAPK/NF-κB pathway activation by reducing ROS production, thus inhibiting liver fibrosis in TGF-β1 induced LX-2 cells and BDL mice.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The liver fibrosis mouse models were established via bile duct ligation (BDL) and verified by HE and Masson staining.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-3721172406
09LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells, Tβ4 overexpression reduced ROS production.
In plain wordsIn scar-forming liver cells, raising thymosin β4 by gene overexpression lowered oxidative stress.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseROS production in LX-2 cells
Study
n: not reported in source
TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 overexpression blocked the MAPK/NF-κB pathway activation by reducing ROS production, thus inhibiting liver fibrosis in TGF-β1 induced LX-2 cells and BDL mice.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The liver fibrosis mouse models were established via bile duct ligation (BDL) and verified by HE and Masson staining.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-3721172408

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

Journal Article

MeSH terms

Keywords

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.