Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists versus SGLT-2 inhibitors in overweight/obese patients with or without diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Ma H, Lin YH, Dai LZ, Lin CS, Huang Y, Liu SY

BMJ open7 Mar 2023Cited by 79 (Europe PMC)

PMID36882248PMCIDPMC10008474DOI10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061807PepBankPUB-36882248

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. 6 results from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a network meta-analysis in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the most effective interventions for body weight loss (mean difference -11.51 kg).
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the best at reducing body weight, by 11.51 kg.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBody weight change, semaglutide 2.4 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
2.4 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Body weight mean difference
−11.51 kg
semaglutide 2.4 mg
Source sentences
Summary
semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the most effective interventions in losing body weight (MD: -11.51 kg, 95% CI -12.83 to -10.21)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
Report a problemFND-3688224807
02HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a network meta-analysis in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the most effective interventions for lowering HbA1c (mean difference -1.49%).
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the best at lowering HbA1c, by 1.49%.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c change, semaglutide 2.4 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
2.4 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HbA1c mean difference
−1.49%
semaglutide 2.4 mg
Source sentences
Summary
decreasing HbA1c (MD: -1.49%, 95% CI -2.07 to -0.92)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
Report a problemFND-3688224808
03HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a network meta-analysis in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the most effective interventions for lowering fasting plasma glucose (mean difference -2.15 mmol/L).
In plain wordsIn pooled trials in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the best at lowering fasting glucose, by 2.15 mmol/L.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseFasting plasma glucose change, semaglutide 2.4 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
2.4 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Fasting plasma glucose mean difference
−2.15 mmol/L
semaglutide 2.4 mg
Source sentences
Summary
and fasting plasma glucose (MD: -2.15 mmol/L, 95% CI -2.83 to -1.59)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
Report a problemFND-3688224809
04HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a network meta-analysis in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the most effective interventions for lowering systolic blood pressure (mean difference -4.89 mm Hg).
In plain wordsIn pooled trials in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the best at lowering systolic pressure, by 4.89 mm Hg.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseSystolic blood pressure change, semaglutide 2.4 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Blood pressure · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
2.4 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Systolic blood pressure mean difference
−4.89 mm Hg
semaglutide 2.4 mg
Source sentences
Summary
reducing systolic blood pressure (MD: -4.89 mm Hg, 95% CI -6.04 to -3.71)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
Report a problemFND-3688224810
05HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In a network meta-analysis in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the most effective interventions for lowering diastolic blood pressure (mean difference -1.59 mm Hg).
In plain wordsIn pooled trials in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was among the best at lowering diastolic pressure, by 1.59 mm Hg.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseDiastolic blood pressure change, semaglutide 2.4 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Blood pressure · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
2.4 mgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Diastolic blood pressure mean difference
−1.59 mm Hg
semaglutide 2.4 mg
Source sentences
Summary
diastolic blood pressure (MD: -1.59 mm Hg, 95% CI -2.37 to -0.86)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
Report a problemFND-3688224811
06HumanSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In a network meta-analysis in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was associated with a high risk of adverse events.
In plain wordsIn a pooled analysis of trials in overweight or obese adults, semaglutide 2.4 mg was linked to a high risk of side effects.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseRisk of adverse events, semaglutide 2.4 mg
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Studied dose
2.4 mgAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
while it was associated with high risk of adverse events.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
Report a problemFND-3688224812

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

07HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In overweight or obese adults, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors each reduced body weight more than placebo in a network meta-analysis.
In plain wordsIn overweight or obese adults, GLP-1 drugs as a class and SGLT-2 drugs both reduced body weight more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBody weight reduction versus placebo, GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Both GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is conferred greater extents in body weight reduction, achieving at least 5% wt loss, HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose decrease compared with placebo.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3688224801
08HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In overweight or obese adults, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors each increased the chance of at least 5% weight loss versus placebo.
In plain wordsIn overweight or obese adults, GLP-1 drugs as a class and SGLT-2 drugs both made 5% weight loss more likely than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseWeight loss of at least 5% versus placebo, GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Both GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is conferred greater extents in body weight reduction, achieving at least 5% wt loss, HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose decrease compared with placebo.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3688224802
09HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In overweight or obese adults, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors each lowered HbA1c more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn overweight or obese adults, GLP-1 drugs as a class and SGLT-2 drugs both lowered HbA1c more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c decrease versus placebo, GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Both GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is conferred greater extents in body weight reduction, achieving at least 5% wt loss, HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose decrease compared with placebo.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3688224803
10HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In overweight or obese adults, pooled GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors each lowered fasting plasma glucose more than placebo.
In plain wordsIn overweight or obese adults, GLP-1 drugs as a class and SGLT-2 drugs both lowered fasting blood glucose more than placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseFasting plasma glucose decrease versus placebo, GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Both GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is conferred greater extents in body weight reduction, achieving at least 5% wt loss, HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose decrease compared with placebo.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3688224804
11HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In overweight or obese adults, GLP-1 receptor agonists as a class reduced HbA1c more than SGLT-2 inhibitors.
In plain wordsIn overweight or obese adults, GLP-1 drugs as a class lowered HbA1c more than SGLT-2 drugs.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c reduction, GLP-1RAs versus SGLT-2is
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
SGLT-2 inhibitors
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
HbA1c mean difference
−0.39%
GLP-1RAs vs SGLT-2is
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs was superior to SGLT-2is in HbA1c reduction (MD: -0.39%, 95% CI -0.70 to -0.08).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3688224805
12HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In overweight or obese adults, GLP-1 receptor agonists as a class carried a high risk of adverse events, while SGLT-2 inhibitors were relatively safe.
In plain wordsIn overweight or obese adults, GLP-1 drugs as a class had more side effects than SGLT-2 drugs.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseAdverse events, GLP-1RAs versus SGLT-2is
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
SGLT-2 inhibitors
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs had high risk of adverse events, while SGLT-2is were relatively safe.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to 16 January 2022.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3688224806

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
11 Oct 2026, 00:50 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

MeSH terms

Keywords

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