Adrenocortical, somatotropic, and antidiuretic response to nasal glucagon in healthy subjects.

Varaldo E, Bioletto F, Cuboni D, Prencipe N, Bona C, Barale M, Ghigo E, Grottoli S, Berton AM, Gasco V

European journal of endocrinology1 Mar 2023Cited by 9 (Europe PMC)

PMID36757796DOI10.1093/ejendo/lvad019PepBankPUB-36757796

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone7

In this study, Glucagon was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Glucagon.

01HumanNot a test of Glucagon aloneNon-randomized trialActivity measurement
In healthy subjects, cortisol fell with both tests, but the decline was smaller with nasal glucagon than placebo through +90' (P < 0.05).
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, cortisol fell less with nasal glucagon than placebo.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseCortisol response
Study
n = 10
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Stress hormones · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
P value
< 0.05
cortisol reduction less with glucagon than placebo up to +90 min
Source sentences
Summary
After administration of both glucagon and placebo, ACTH and cortisol values decreased progressively (P < 0.001), but in the drug group, the reduction in cortisol was less accentuated up to +90' (P < 0.05).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Non-randomized, single-blinded, cross-over study including 10 healthy subjects (50% women).
Summary · context
All participants underwent 2 days of testing, and intranasal glucagon or placebo was administered.
In this study, Glucagon was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Glucagon.
Report a problemFND-3675779601
02HumanNot a test of Glucagon aloneNon-randomized trialActivity measurement
In healthy subjects, growth hormone differed between nasal glucagon and placebo from +120' onwards (P < 0.005), favoring glucagon.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, growth hormone was higher with nasal glucagon than placebo later in the test.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseGrowth hormone response versus placebo
Study
n = 10
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
P value
< 0.005
GH, glucagon vs placebo from +120 min
Source sentences
Summary
Growth hormone values decreased after placebo administration (P < 0.001); on the other hand, after glucagon, an increasing, yet non-significant trend was observed (P = 0.096) with the difference between the two groups evident starting from +120' onwards (P < 0.005).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Non-randomized, single-blinded, cross-over study including 10 healthy subjects (50% women).
Summary · context
All participants underwent 2 days of testing, and intranasal glucagon or placebo was administered.
In this study, Glucagon was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Glucagon.
Report a problemFND-3675779602
03HumanNot a test of Glucagon aloneNon-randomized trialActivity measurement
In healthy subjects, growth hormone showed a nonsignificant increasing trend after nasal glucagon (P = 0.096).
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, growth hormone did not significantly increase after nasal glucagon.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
No significant changeGrowth hormone change after glucagon
Study
n = 10
Comparator
Baseline
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
P value
0.096
GH trend after glucagon
Source sentences
Summary
Growth hormone values decreased after placebo administration (P < 0.001); on the other hand, after glucagon, an increasing, yet non-significant trend was observed (P = 0.096) with the difference between the two groups evident starting from +120' onwards (P < 0.005).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Non-randomized, single-blinded, cross-over study including 10 healthy subjects (50% women).
Summary · context
All participants underwent 2 days of testing, and intranasal glucagon or placebo was administered.
In this study, Glucagon was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Glucagon.
Report a problemFND-3675779603
04HumanNot a test of Glucagon aloneNon-randomized trialActivity measurement
In healthy subjects, copeptin remained stable after nasal glucagon but decreased after placebo.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, copeptin remained stable after nasal glucagon but fell after placebo.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseCopeptin response
Study
n = 10
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Antidiuretic Hormones · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
The placebo administration led to a reduction of copeptin, while its stability was observed after glucagon administration.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Non-randomized, single-blinded, cross-over study including 10 healthy subjects (50% women).
Summary · context
All participants underwent 2 days of testing, and intranasal glucagon or placebo was administered.
In this study, Glucagon was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Glucagon.
Report a problemFND-3675779604
05HumanNot a test of Glucagon aloneNon-randomized trialSafety outcome
Six healthy subjects developed hypokalemia after nasal glucagon, with the potassium nadir at 45' reported as 3.6 [3.2-3.8] mmol/L.
In plain wordsSix healthy subjects developed low blood potassium after nasal glucagon.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
Not applicableHypokalemia
Study
n = 10
Outcome group
Adverse events · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
Subjects with hypokalemia
6 subjects
post-glucagon, of 10
Potassium nadir
3.6 mmol/L
at 45 min, post-glucagon, bracketed range 3.2-3.8
Source sentences
Summary
Six subjects developed hypokalemia (ie, potassium <3.5 mmol/L) post-glucagon, with the nadir at 45' (3.6 [3.2-3.8] mmol/L) significantly correlated with the immediate post-glycemic rise insulin peak (Spearman's rho -0.719; P = 0.019).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Non-randomized, single-blinded, cross-over study including 10 healthy subjects (50% women).
Summary · context
All participants underwent 2 days of testing, and intranasal glucagon or placebo was administered.
In this study, Glucagon was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Glucagon.
Report a problemFND-3675779605
06HumanNot a test of Glucagon aloneNon-randomized trialMechanism
After nasal glucagon in healthy subjects, potassium nadir correlated inversely with the insulin peak (rho -0.719; P = 0.019).
In plain wordsAfter nasal glucagon in healthy subjects, lower potassium was linked to higher insulin peaks.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
DecreasePotassium nadir and insulin peak association
Study
n = 10
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
Spearman rho
−0.719
potassium nadir vs insulin peak
P value
0.019
potassium nadir vs insulin peak
Source sentences
Summary
Six subjects developed hypokalemia (ie, potassium <3.5 mmol/L) post-glucagon, with the nadir at 45' (3.6 [3.2-3.8] mmol/L) significantly correlated with the immediate post-glycemic rise insulin peak (Spearman's rho -0.719; P = 0.019).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Non-randomized, single-blinded, cross-over study including 10 healthy subjects (50% women).
Summary · context
All participants underwent 2 days of testing, and intranasal glucagon or placebo was administered.
In this study, Glucagon was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Glucagon.
Report a problemFND-3675779606
07HumanNot a test of Glucagon aloneNon-randomized trialActivity measurement
In healthy subjects, other tested analytes did not show significant differences between nasal glucagon and placebo.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, other tested measures did not significantly differ between nasal glucagon and placebo.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
No significant changeOther tested analytes
Study
n = 10
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Hormonal and Metabolic Responses · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
No significant differences were observed compared to the other analytes tested.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Non-randomized, single-blinded, cross-over study including 10 healthy subjects (50% women).
Summary · context
All participants underwent 2 days of testing, and intranasal glucagon or placebo was administered.
In this study, Glucagon was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Glucagon.
Report a problemFND-3675779607

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
28 Oct 2026, 02:03 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
27 Oct 2026, 16:35 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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