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Study · In vitro (cells) · 2023

4 results

Cell starvation increases uptake of extracellular Thymosin β4 and its complexes with calcium.

Piludu M, Pichiri G, Coni P, Piras M, Congiu T, Faa G, Lachowicz JI

International immunopharmacology25 Jan 2023Cited by 2 (Europe PMC)

PMID36706591 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109743 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-36706591
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

2 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    Under normal cell growth conditions, extracellular supplementation did not influence intracellular free calcium ion and Tβ4 concentrations.

    In plain wordsIn cells under normal growth, adding Tβ4 or calcium outside the cells did not change their levels inside the cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    No significant changeIntracellular free calcium and Tβ4 under extracellular supplementation in normal growth
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Under normal cell growth conditions, intracellular free calcium ions and Thymosin β4 concentrations are strictly regulated, and are not influenced by extracellular supplementation.
  2. 02LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    Cell starvation increased the uptake of extracellular Tβ4 above the normal range.

    In plain wordsIn cells, starvation made the cells take up more Tβ4 from outside than normal.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseUptake of extracellular Tβ4 in starved cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    increases extracellular peptide uptake above the normal range.

Natural levels measured1

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 03LabEndogenous levelIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    Cell starvation decreased intracellular Tβ4.

    In plain wordsIn cells, starvation lowered the amount of the cells' own Tβ4 inside the cell.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    DecreaseIntracellular Tβ4 in starved cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    cell starvation decreases intracellular Thymosin β4

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  1. 04LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    Cell starvation significantly increased internalization of extracellular Ca2+/Tβ4 complexes.

    In plain wordsIn cells, starvation made the cells take in more calcium-Tβ4 complexes from outside.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseInternalization of extracellular Ca2+/Tβ4 complexes in starved cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Unexpectedly, cell starvation significantly increases internalization of extracellular Ca2+/Thymosin β4 complexes.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

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