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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2022

9 results

Racial differences in circulating mitochondria-derived peptides may contribute to prostate cancer health disparities.

Ramirez-Torres A, Reagan AL, Howard LE, Wiggins E, Vidal AC, Wan J, Miller B, Freedland SJ, Cohen P

The Prostate5 Jul 2022Cited by 10 (Europe PMC)

PMID35789022 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC9388542 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1002/pros.24398 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-35789022
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured6

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In European American men undergoing prostate biopsy, higher levels of mitochondria-derived peptides (humanin, SHLP2 and MOTS-c) were associated with lower prostate cancer risk.

    In plain wordsIn European American men, higher natural levels of mitochondrial peptides, including humanin, were linked to lower prostate cancer risk.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseMitochondria-derived peptide levels and prostate cancer risk in European American men
    Study

    n = 100

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Among EAM, higher MDP values were associated with lower PC risk (all p ≤ 0.001)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In European American men, higher expression of mitochondria-derived peptides was associated with decreased risk of low- and high-grade prostate cancer.

    In plain wordsIn European American men, higher natural levels of mitochondrial peptides, including humanin, were linked to lower risk of both low- and high-grade prostate cancer.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseMitochondria-derived peptide levels and low- and high-grade prostate cancer in European American men
    Study

    n = 100

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Similarly, higher MDP expression was associated with decreased risk of low- and high-grade PC in EAM (all p ≤ 0.005)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In men undergoing prostate biopsy, the body's own plasma MOTS‑c was lower in African American control men than in European American control men.

    In plain wordsAmong men with a prostate biopsy, African American control men had lower natural MOTS‑c levels than European American control men.

    Peptide
    MOTS-c
    Outcome
    DecreasePlasma MOTS-c in African American versus European American controls
    Study

    n = 99

    Comparator
    European American control men
    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    but both SHLP2 (p = 0.007) and MOTS-c (p = 0.026) were lower in AAM controls versus EAM controls.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy.

    This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  4. 04HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    Among controls undergoing prostate biopsy, humanin levels were similar in African American and European American men.

    In plain wordsAmong men having a prostate biopsy, natural humanin levels were similar in African American and European American controls.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    No significant changeHumanin by race among controls
    Study

    n = 99

    Comparator
    European American controls
    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Among controls, humanin was similar by race (p = 0.60)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  5. 05HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In African American men undergoing prostate biopsy, levels of mitochondria-derived peptides (humanin, SHLP2 and MOTS-c) showed null associations with prostate cancer risk.

    In plain wordsIn African American men, natural levels of mitochondrial peptides, including humanin, were not linked to prostate cancer risk.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    No significant changeMitochondria-derived peptide levels and prostate cancer risk in African American men
    Study

    n = 98

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    with null associations in AAM (all p-interactions ≤ 0.01).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  6. 06HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In African American men undergoing prostate biopsy, levels of mitochondria-derived peptides (humanin, SHLP2 and MOTS-c) showed null associations with low- and high-grade prostate cancer.

    In plain wordsIn African American men, natural levels of mitochondrial peptides, including humanin, were not linked to low- or high-grade prostate cancer.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    No significant changeMitochondria-derived peptide levels and low- and high-grade prostate cancer in African American men
    Study

    n = 98

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Similarly, higher MDP expression was associated with decreased risk of low- and high-grade PC in EAM (all p ≤ 0.005) with null associations in AAM.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone3

In this study, MOTS-c was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking MOTS-c.

  1. 07HumanNot a test of MOTS-c aloneObservational studyOther

    In European American men undergoing prostate biopsy, higher levels of the mitochondrial-derived peptides (SHLP2, humanin and MOTS‑c, reported together as MDPs) were associated with lower prostate cancer risk.

    In plain wordsIn European American men, higher natural levels of three mitochondrial peptides, including MOTS‑c, were linked to lower prostate cancer risk.

    Peptide
    MOTS-c
    Outcome
    DecreasePooled MDP levels (SHLP2, humanin, MOTS-c) and prostate cancer risk in European American men
    Study

    n = 100

    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Among EAM, higher MDP values were associated with lower PC risk (all p ≤ 0.001), with null associations in AAM (all p-interactions ≤ 0.01).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy.

    In this study, MOTS-c was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking MOTS-c.

  2. 08HumanNot a test of MOTS-c aloneObservational studyOther

    In European American men, higher levels of the mitochondrial-derived peptides (SHLP2, humanin and MOTS‑c, reported together as MDPs) were associated with lower risk of low-grade and high-grade prostate cancer.

    In plain wordsIn European American men, higher natural levels of three mitochondrial peptides, including MOTS‑c, were linked to lower risk of both low- and high-grade prostate cancer.

    Peptide
    MOTS-c
    Outcome
    DecreasePooled MDP levels and low-grade or high-grade prostate cancer risk in European American men
    Study

    n = 100

    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Similarly, higher MDP expression was associated with decreased risk of low- and high-grade PC in EAM (all p ≤ 0.005) with null associations in AAM.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy.

    In this study, MOTS-c was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking MOTS-c.

  3. 09HumanNot a test of MOTS-c aloneObservational studyOther

    In African American men undergoing prostate biopsy, levels of the mitochondrial-derived peptides (SHLP2, humanin and MOTS‑c, reported together as MDPs) showed null associations with prostate cancer risk.

    In plain wordsIn African American men, natural levels of three mitochondrial peptides, including MOTS‑c, were not linked to prostate cancer risk.

    Peptide
    MOTS-c
    Outcome
    No significant changePooled MDP levels and prostate cancer risk in African American men
    Study

    n = 98

    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    with null associations in AAM (all p-interactions ≤ 0.01).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy.

    In this study, MOTS-c was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking MOTS-c.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Versions 4 to 18Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:02 UTC

    The same notice was added 15 times, first on 13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  2. Version 3

    13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 2

    10 Oct 2026, 08:19 UTC

    Study results updated

  4. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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