Effect of Humanin G (HNG) on inflammation in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Nashine S, Cohen P, Wan J, Kenney MC

Aging16 May 2022Cited by 24 (Europe PMC)

PMID35576057PMCIDPMC9186758DOI10.18632/aging.204074PepBankPUB-35576057

Summary

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the etiology and pathogenesis of AMD (Age-related Macular Degeneration). Humanin G (HNG) is a Mitochondrial Derived Peptide (MDP) that is cytoprotective in AMD and can protect against mitochondrial and cellular stress induced by damaged AMD mitochondria. The goal of this study was to test our hypothesis that inflammation-associated marker protein levels are increased in AMD and treatment with HNG leads to reduction in their protein levels. Humanin protein levels were measured in the plasma of AMD patients and normal subjects using ELISA assay. Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects. Cell lysates were extracted from untreated and HNG-treated AMD and normal cybrids, and the Luminex XMAP multiplex assay was used to measure the levels of inflammatory proteins. AMD plasma showed reduced Humanin protein levels, but higher protein levels of inflammation markers compared to control plasma samples. In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids. In conclusion, we present novel findings that: A) show reduced Humanin protein levels in AMD plasma vs. normal plasma; B) suggest the role of inflammatory markers in AMD pathogenesis, and C) highlight the positive effects of Humanin G in reducing inflammation in AMD.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study10

9 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced CD62E/E-selectin protein levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, Humanin G lowered E-selectin, an inflammation marker, in a lab model of macular degeneration.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseCD62E/E-selectin level
Study
n: not reported in source
AMD RPE cybrid cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605702
02LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced CD62P/P-selectin protein levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, Humanin G lowered P-selectin, an inflammation marker, in a lab model of macular degeneration.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseCD62P/P-selectin level
Study
n: not reported in source
AMD RPE cybrid cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605703
03LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced ICAM-1 protein levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, Humanin G lowered ICAM-1, an inflammation marker, in a lab model of macular degeneration.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseICAM-1 level
Study
n: not reported in source
AMD RPE cybrid cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605704
04LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced TNF-α protein levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, Humanin G lowered TNF-α, an inflammation marker, in a lab model of macular degeneration.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseTNF-α level
Study
n: not reported in source
AMD RPE cybrid cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605705
05LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced MIP-1α protein levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, Humanin G lowered MIP-1α, an inflammation marker, in a lab model of macular degeneration.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseMIP-1α level
Study
n: not reported in source
AMD RPE cybrid cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605706
06LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced IFN-γ protein levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, Humanin G lowered IFN-γ, an inflammation marker, in a lab model of macular degeneration.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseIFN-γ level
Study
n: not reported in source
AMD RPE cybrid cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605707
07LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced IL-1β protein levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, Humanin G lowered IL-1β, an inflammation marker, in a lab model of macular degeneration.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseIL-1β level
Study
n: not reported in source
AMD RPE cybrid cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605708
08LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced IL-13 protein levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, Humanin G lowered IL-13, an inflammation marker, in a lab model of macular degeneration.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseIL-13 level
Study
n: not reported in source
AMD RPE cybrid cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605709
09LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced IL-17A protein levels.
In plain wordsIn cells, Humanin G lowered IL-17A, an inflammation marker, in a lab model of macular degeneration.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreaseIL-17A level
Study
n: not reported in source
AMD RPE cybrid cells
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In AMD RPE cybrid cells, Humanin G reduced the CD62E/ E-Selectin, CD62P/ P-Selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-13, and IL-17A protein levels, thereby suggesting that Humanin G may rescue from mtDNA-mediated inflammation in AMD cybrids.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin G was added to AMD and normal (control) cybrids which had identical nuclei from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cells but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605710

Natural levels measured1

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

10HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In patients with age-related macular degeneration, plasma levels of the body's own humanin were lower than in normal subjects.
In plain wordsIn people with age-related macular degeneration, the body's own humanin levels in blood were lower than in healthy people.
Peptide
Humanin
Outcome
DecreasePlasma humanin level in AMD
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Normal subjects
Outcome group
Aging markers · Eye
Source sentences
Summary
AMD plasma showed reduced Humanin protein levels, but higher protein levels of inflammation markers compared to control plasma samples.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Humanin protein levels were measured in the plasma of AMD patients and normal subjects using ELISA assay.
This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3557605701

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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