Treatment of SARS-CoV-2-induced pneumonia with NAD⁺ and NMN in two mouse models.

Jiang Y, Deng Y, Pang H, Ma T, Ye Q, Chen Q, Chen H, Hu Z, Qin CF, Xu Z

Cell discovery29 Apr 2022Cited by 44 (Europe PMC)

PMID35487885PMCIDPMC9053567DOI10.1038/s41421-022-00409-yPepBankPUB-35487885

Summary

The global COVID-19 epidemic has spread rapidly around the world and caused the death of more than 5 million people. It is urgent to develop effective strategies to treat COVID-19 patients. Here, we revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infection resulted in the dysregulation of genes associated with NAD⁺ metabolism, immune response, and cell death in mice, similar to that in COVID-19 patients. We therefore investigated the effect of treatment with NAD⁺ and its intermediate (NMN) and found that the pneumonia phenotypes, including excessive inflammatory cell infiltration, hemolysis, and embolization in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs were significantly rescued. Cell death was suppressed substantially by NAD⁺ and NMN supplementation. More strikingly, NMN supplementation can protect 30% of aged mice infected with the lethal mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 from death. Mechanically, we found that NAD⁺ or NMN supplementation partially rescued the disturbed gene expression and metabolism caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, our in vivo mouse study supports trials for treating COVID-19 patients by targeting the NAD⁺ pathway.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study7

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In SARS-CoV-2-infected mice, NMN treatment reduced excessive inflammatory cell infiltration in lungs.
In plain wordsIn infected mice, NMN reduced excessive inflammatory cell infiltration in lungs.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
DecreaseInflammatory cell infiltration
Study
mousen: not reported in source
SARS-CoV-2-infected mice
Outcome group
Inflammation markers · Respiratory
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
We therefore investigated the effect of treatment with NAD⁺ and its intermediate (NMN) and found that the pneumonia phenotypes, including excessive inflammatory cell infiltration, hemolysis, and embolization in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs were significantly rescued.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3548788501
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In SARS-CoV-2-infected mice, NMN treatment alleviated pulmonary hemolysis.
In plain wordsIn infected mice, NMN reduced hemolysis in lungs.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
DecreasePulmonary hemolysis
Study
mousen: not reported in source
SARS-CoV-2-infected mice
Outcome group
Lung injury and fibrosis · Respiratory
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
We therefore investigated the effect of treatment with NAD⁺ and its intermediate (NMN) and found that the pneumonia phenotypes, including excessive inflammatory cell infiltration, hemolysis, and embolization in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs were significantly rescued.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3548788502
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In SARS-CoV-2-infected mice, NMN treatment alleviated pulmonary embolization.
In plain wordsIn infected mice, NMN reduced embolization in lungs.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
DecreasePulmonary embolization
Study
mousen: not reported in source
SARS-CoV-2-infected mice
Outcome group
Lung injury and fibrosis · Respiratory
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
We therefore investigated the effect of treatment with NAD⁺ and its intermediate (NMN) and found that the pneumonia phenotypes, including excessive inflammatory cell infiltration, hemolysis, and embolization in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs were significantly rescued.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3548788503
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In SARS-CoV-2-infected mice, NMN supplementation substantially suppressed cell death.
In plain wordsIn infected mice, NMN reduced cell death.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
DecreaseCell death
Study
mousen: not reported in source
SARS-CoV-2-infected mice
Outcome group
Cell viability and death · Respiratory
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Cell death was suppressed substantially by NAD⁺ and NMN supplementation.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We therefore investigated the effect of treatment with NAD⁺ and its intermediate (NMN) and found that the pneumonia phenotypes, including excessive inflammatory cell infiltration, hemolysis, and embolization in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs were significantly rescued.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3548788504
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In aged mice infected with lethal mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2, NMN protected 30% from death.
In plain wordsIn aged infected mice, NMN protected 30% from death.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
DecreaseProtection from death
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Aged mice infected with lethal mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2
Outcome group
Mortality · Whole body
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Measurements
Protected from death
30%
NMN supplementation in aged infected mice
Source sentences
Summary
More strikingly, NMN supplementation can protect 30% of aged mice infected with the lethal mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 from death.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We therefore investigated the effect of treatment with NAD⁺ and its intermediate (NMN) and found that the pneumonia phenotypes, including excessive inflammatory cell infiltration, hemolysis, and embolization in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs were significantly rescued.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3548788505
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In SARS-CoV-2-infected mice, NMN partly rescued disturbed gene expression.
In plain wordsIn infected mice, NMN partly restored disturbed gene expression.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
MixedDisturbed gene expression
Study
mousen: not reported in source
SARS-CoV-2-infected mice
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Whole body
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Mechanically, we found that NAD⁺ or NMN supplementation partially rescued the disturbed gene expression and metabolism caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We therefore investigated the effect of treatment with NAD⁺ and its intermediate (NMN) and found that the pneumonia phenotypes, including excessive inflammatory cell infiltration, hemolysis, and embolization in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs were significantly rescued.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3548788506
07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In SARS-CoV-2-infected mice, NMN partly rescued disturbed metabolism.
In plain wordsIn infected mice, NMN partly restored disturbed metabolism.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
MixedDisturbed metabolism
Study
mousen: not reported in source
SARS-CoV-2-infected mice
Outcome group
Metabolic pathways and metabolomics · Whole body
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Mechanically, we found that NAD⁺ or NMN supplementation partially rescued the disturbed gene expression and metabolism caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We therefore investigated the effect of treatment with NAD⁺ and its intermediate (NMN) and found that the pneumonia phenotypes, including excessive inflammatory cell infiltration, hemolysis, and embolization in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs were significantly rescued.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3548788507

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

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