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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2021

6 results

Advances in the detection of growth hormone releasing hormone synthetic analogs.

Memdouh S, Gavrilović I, Ng K, Cowan D, Abbate V

Drug testing and analysis7 Nov 2021Cited by 16 (Europe PMC)

PMID34665524 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1002/dta.3183 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-34665524
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The administration of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) and its synthetic analogs is prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Although there is evidence of their use, based on admissions and intelligence, they do not appear to have been found in anti-doping samples by WADA accredited laboratories. This might be due to their small concentration in urine and limited knowledge about their metabolism, especially for unapproved synthetic analogs. This study investigates the in vitro metabolism and detection of four of the larger GHRH synthetic analogs (sermorelin, tesamorelin, CJC-1295, and CJC-1295 with drug affinity complex) in fortified urine. Nineteen major in vitro metabolites were identified, selected for synthesis, purified, and characterized in house. These were used as reference materials to spike into urine together with commercially available parent peptides and a metabolite of sermorelin (sermorelin(3-29)-NH2 ) to develop a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for their detection to help prove GHRH administration. Limits of detection of the target peptides were generally 1 ng/ml (WADA required performance limit) or less.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study6

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

In this study, the peptide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking the peptide.

  1. 01LabNot a test of Sermorelin aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Mechanism

    In vitro metabolism of four GHRH analogs including sermorelin identified nineteen major metabolites.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, nineteen main breakdown products were found for four GHRH peptides including sermorelin.

    Peptide
    Sermorelin
    Outcome
    Not applicableIn vitro metabolites of GHRH analogs
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Nineteen major in vitro metabolites were identified, selected for synthesis, purified, and characterized in house.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study investigates the in vitro metabolism and detection of four of the larger GHRH synthetic analogs (sermorelin, tesamorelin, CJC-1295, and CJC-1295 with drug affinity complex) in fortified urine.

    In this study, Sermorelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Sermorelin.

  2. 02LabNot a test of Sermorelin aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other

    An LC-MS/MS method detected the target GHRH peptides, including sermorelin, in fortified urine with limits of detection generally at or below 1 ng/ml.

    In plain wordsA lab method detected sermorelin and related peptides added to urine at 1 ng/ml or less.

    Peptide
    Sermorelin
    Outcome
    Not applicableLimit of detection in fortified urine
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    LOD
    ≤ 1 ng/ml
    target peptides in fortified urine

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Limits of detection of the target peptides were generally 1 ng/ml (WADA required performance limit) or less.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study investigates the in vitro metabolism and detection of four of the larger GHRH synthetic analogs (sermorelin, tesamorelin, CJC-1295, and CJC-1295 with drug affinity complex) in fortified urine.

    In this study, Sermorelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Sermorelin.

  3. 03LabNot a test of CJC-1295 (with DAC) aloneOther designPharmacokinetics

    In vitro metabolism of four GHRH analogs including CJC‑1295 produced nineteen major metabolites that were identified.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, breakdown of four growth hormone-releasing peptides, including CJC‑1295, gave nineteen major metabolites.

    Peptide
    CJC-1295 (with DAC)
    Outcome
    Not applicableIn vitro metabolites identified
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Fortified urine; in vitro metabolism
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Nineteen major in vitro metabolites were identified, selected for synthesis, purified, and characterized in house.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study investigates the in vitro metabolism and detection of four of the larger GHRH synthetic analogs (sermorelin, tesamorelin, CJC-1295, and CJC-1295 with drug affinity complex) in fortified urine.

    In this study, CJC-1295 (with DAC) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking CJC-1295 (with DAC).

  4. 04LabNot a test of CJC-1295 (with DAC) aloneOther designOther

    An LC-MS/MS method using metabolite reference materials detected the target peptides including CJC‑1295 in urine, with limits of detection generally 1 ng/ml or less.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, a urine method could detect CJC‑1295 and related peptides at or below the required limit.

    Peptide
    CJC-1295 (with DAC)
    Outcome
    Not applicableLimit of detection in urine
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Fortified urine; in vitro metabolism
    Outcome group
    Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    LOD
    ≤ 1 ng/ml
    LC-MS/MS in fortified urine

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Limits of detection of the target peptides were generally 1 ng/ml (WADA required performance limit) or less.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study investigates the in vitro metabolism and detection of four of the larger GHRH synthetic analogs (sermorelin, tesamorelin, CJC-1295, and CJC-1295 with drug affinity complex) in fortified urine.

    In this study, CJC-1295 (with DAC) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking CJC-1295 (with DAC).

  5. 05LabNot a test of Tesamorelin aloneOther designPharmacokinetics

    In vitro metabolism of four GHRH analogs including tesamorelin produced nineteen major metabolites that were identified.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, breakdown of four growth hormone-releasing peptides, including tesamorelin, gave nineteen major metabolites.

    Peptide
    Tesamorelin
    Outcome
    Not applicableIn vitro metabolites identified
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Fortified urine; in vitro metabolism
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Nineteen major in vitro metabolites were identified, selected for synthesis, purified, and characterized in house.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study investigates the in vitro metabolism and detection of four of the larger GHRH synthetic analogs (sermorelin, tesamorelin, CJC-1295, and CJC-1295 with drug affinity complex) in fortified urine.

    In this study, Tesamorelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tesamorelin.

  6. 06LabNot a test of Tesamorelin aloneOther designOther

    An LC-MS/MS method using metabolite reference materials detected the target peptides including tesamorelin in urine, with limits of detection generally 1 ng/ml or less.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, a urine method could detect tesamorelin and related peptides at or below the required limit.

    Peptide
    Tesamorelin
    Outcome
    Not applicableLimit of detection in urine
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Fortified urine; in vitro metabolism
    Outcome group
    Analytical methods and detection · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    LOD
    ≤ 1 ng/ml
    LC-MS/MS in fortified urine

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Limits of detection of the target peptides were generally 1 ng/ml (WADA required performance limit) or less.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study investigates the in vitro metabolism and detection of four of the larger GHRH synthetic analogs (sermorelin, tesamorelin, CJC-1295, and CJC-1295 with drug affinity complex) in fortified urine.

    In this study, Tesamorelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Tesamorelin.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Versions 4 to 39Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:04 UTC

    The same notice was added 36 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  2. Versions 2 to 3

    9 Oct 2026, 03:13 UTC

    The same notice was added 2 times, first on 9 Oct 2026, 03:13 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:13 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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