Skip to content

Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2021

4 results

Clinical outcomes associated with anti-obesity medications in real-world practice: A systematic literature review.

Ahmad NN, Robinson S, Kennedy-Martin T, Poon JL, Kan H

Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity22 Aug 2021Cited by 55 (Europe PMC)

PMID34423889 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC9285776 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1111/obr.13326 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-34423889
Download PDFPubMedAsk about this study
Jump to 4 results

Summary

Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) are efficacious and well tolerated in randomized controlled trials, but findings may not be generalizable to routine clinical practice. This systematic literature review aimed to identify real-world (RW) evidence for AOMs to treat adults ( ≥ 18 years) with obesity or overweight (BMI  ≥  27 kg/m2 ). Searches conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Database, National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies of relevant FDA-approved AOMs yielded 41 publications. Weight loss (WL) was consistently observed, with 14% to 58.6% of patients achieving ≥ 5% WL on orlistat, phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, phentermine, or liraglutide in studies of 3-6 months' duration where this was measured. When cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed, AOMs reduced or had no impact on blood pressure, lipids, or glycemia. RW data on the impact of AOMs on existing obesity-related comorbidities and mortality were generally lacking. AOMs were associated with various adverse events, but these were of mild to moderate severity and no unexpected safety signals were reported. A pattern of poor adherence and persistence with AOMs was observed across studies. Overall, the review confirmed the effectiveness of AOMs in RW settings but demonstrated large gaps in the evidence base.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study4

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone4

In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  1. 01HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In real-world adults with obesity or overweight, 14% to 58.6% of patients on pooled anti-obesity drugs (including liraglutide) achieved at least 5% weight loss in studies of 3-6 months.

    In plain wordsIn real-world adults with obesity, across weight loss drugs including liraglutide, 14% to 58.6% of patients lost at least 5% of weight.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseProportion achieving at least 5% weight loss
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight

    Measurements

    Patients with >=5% weight loss
    14 to 58.6%
    pooled anti-obesity drugs

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Weight loss (WL) was consistently observed, with 14% to 58.6% of patients achieving ≥ 5% WL on orlistat, phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, phentermine, or liraglutide in studies of 3-6 months' duration where this was measured.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This systematic literature review aimed to identify real-world (RW) evidence for AOMs to treat adults ( ≥ 18 years) with obesity or overweight (BMI  ≥  27 kg/m2 ).
    Summary · context
    Searches conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Database, National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies of relevant FDA-approved AOMs yielded 41 publications.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  2. 02HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In real-world adults with obesity or overweight, pooled anti-obesity drugs (including liraglutide) reduced or had no impact on blood pressure, lipids or glycaemia.

    In plain wordsIn real-world adults with obesity, several weight loss drugs including liraglutide lowered or did not change blood pressure, blood fats and blood sugar.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    MixedBlood pressure, lipids and glycaemia
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Blood pressure · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    When cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed, AOMs reduced or had no impact on blood pressure, lipids, or glycemia.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This systematic literature review aimed to identify real-world (RW) evidence for AOMs to treat adults ( ≥ 18 years) with obesity or overweight (BMI  ≥  27 kg/m2 ).
    Summary · context
    Searches conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Database, National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies of relevant FDA-approved AOMs yielded 41 publications.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  3. 03HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In real-world adults with obesity or overweight, pooled anti-obesity drugs (including liraglutide) were associated with adverse events of mild to moderate severity and no unexpected safety signals.

    In plain wordsIn real-world adults with obesity, several weight loss drugs including liraglutide caused mostly mild to moderate side effects, with no unexpected safety signals.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    Not applicableAdverse events
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AOMs were associated with various adverse events, but these were of mild to moderate severity and no unexpected safety signals were reported.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This systematic literature review aimed to identify real-world (RW) evidence for AOMs to treat adults ( ≥ 18 years) with obesity or overweight (BMI  ≥  27 kg/m2 ).
    Summary · context
    Searches conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Database, National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies of relevant FDA-approved AOMs yielded 41 publications.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  4. 04HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewOther

    In real-world adults with obesity or overweight, studies of pooled anti-obesity drugs (including liraglutide) showed a pattern of poor adherence and persistence.

    In plain wordsIn real-world adults with obesity, many people did not keep taking weight loss drugs, including liraglutide, as prescribed.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    Not applicableAdherence and persistence
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Treatment adherence and retention · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    A pattern of poor adherence and persistence with AOMs was observed across studies.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This systematic literature review aimed to identify real-world (RW) evidence for AOMs to treat adults ( ≥ 18 years) with obesity or overweight (BMI  ≥  27 kg/m2 ).
    Summary · context
    Searches conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Database, National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies of relevant FDA-approved AOMs yielded 41 publications.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 11:11 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.