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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2021

12 results

Acute endurance exercise stimulates circulating levels of mitochondrial-derived peptides in humans.

von Walden F, Fernandez-Gonzalo R, Norrbom J, Emanuelsson EB, Figueiredo VC, Gidlund EK, Norrbrand L, Liu C, Sandström P, Hansson B, Wan J, Cohen P, Alkner B

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)5 Aug 2021Cited by 36 (Europe PMC)

PMID34351816 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC12854548 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1152/japplphysiol.00706.2019 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-34351816
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured12

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    In adults, plasma MOTS‑c showed a trend to increase after acute endurance exercise; the abstract does not report this as significant.

    In plain wordsIn adults, the body's own MOTS‑c in blood showed only a trend to rise after one session of endurance exercise.

    Peptide
    MOTS-c
    Outcome
    No significant changeAcute endurance exercise effect on plasma MOTS-c
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    MOTS-C levels showed a trend to increase after EE.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    At rest, circulating humanin levels were positively correlated with circulating MOTS‑c levels.

    In plain wordsAt rest, higher humanin levels in blood were linked to higher levels of the body's own MOTS‑c.

    Peptide
    MOTS-c
    Outcome
    Not applicableCorrelation of circulating humanin with MOTS-c at rest
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    At rest, circulating levels of HN were positively correlated to MOTS-c levels
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    Plasma levels of mitochondrial-derived peptides, which include MOTS‑c, were not correlated with VO2max.

    In plain wordsLevels of the body's own mitochondrial peptides in blood, including MOTS‑c, were not linked to fitness measured as VO2max.

    Peptide
    MOTS-c
    Outcome
    No significant changeCorrelation of plasma MOTS-c with VO2max
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Exercise and physical function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Plasma levels of MDPs were not correlated to fitness outcomes [V̇O2max, leg strength, or muscle mitochondrial (mt) DNA copy number].
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  4. 04HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    Plasma levels of mitochondrial-derived peptides, which include MOTS‑c, were not correlated with leg strength.

    In plain wordsLevels of the body's own mitochondrial peptides in blood, including MOTS‑c, were not linked to leg strength.

    Peptide
    MOTS-c
    Outcome
    No significant changeCorrelation of plasma MOTS-c with leg strength
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Exercise and physical function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Plasma levels of MDPs were not correlated to fitness outcomes [V̇O2max, leg strength, or muscle mitochondrial (mt) DNA copy number].
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  5. 05HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    Plasma levels of mitochondrial-derived peptides, which include MOTS‑c, were not correlated with muscle mitochondrial DNA copy number.

    In plain wordsLevels of the body's own mitochondrial peptides in blood, including MOTS‑c, were not linked to the amount of mitochondrial DNA in muscle.

    Peptide
    MOTS-c
    Outcome
    No significant changeCorrelation of plasma MOTS-c with muscle mtDNA copy number
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Exercise and physical function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Plasma levels of MDPs were not correlated to fitness outcomes [V̇O2max, leg strength, or muscle mitochondrial (mt) DNA copy number].
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  6. 06HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    In subjects randomized to exercise, circulating humanin levels were significantly elevated by acute endurance exercise.

    In plain wordsIn people who did an acute endurance workout, the body's own humanin levels in blood rose significantly.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreasePlasma humanin after acute endurance exercise
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Exercise and physical function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Circulating levels of HN were significantly elevated by acute EE but not RE.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  7. 07HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    In subjects randomized to exercise, circulating humanin levels were not significantly elevated by acute resistance exercise.

    In plain wordsIn people who did an acute resistance workout, the body's own humanin levels in blood did not rise significantly.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    No significant changePlasma humanin after acute resistance exercise
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Exercise and physical function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Circulating levels of HN were significantly elevated by acute EE but not RE.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  8. 08HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    At rest, circulating humanin levels were positively correlated with MOTS-c levels.

    In plain wordsAt rest, the body's own humanin levels in blood were linked to higher MOTS-c levels.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreaseResting humanin correlation with MOTS-c
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Aging markers · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    At rest, circulating levels of HN were positively correlated to MOTS-c levels
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  9. 09HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    At rest, circulating humanin levels were positively correlated with age.

    In plain wordsAt rest, the body's own humanin levels in blood were linked to older age.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreaseResting humanin correlation with age
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Aging markers · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    At rest, circulating levels of HN were positively correlated to MOTS-c levels and age.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  10. 10HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    Plasma humanin levels were not correlated with VO2max.

    In plain wordsThe body's own humanin levels in blood were not linked to fitness measured as VO2max.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    No significant changePlasma humanin correlation with VO2max
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Exercise and physical function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Plasma levels of MDPs were not correlated to fitness outcomes [V̇O2max, leg strength, or muscle mitochondrial (mt) DNA copy number].
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  11. 11HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    Plasma humanin levels were not correlated with leg strength.

    In plain wordsThe body's own humanin levels in blood were not linked to leg strength.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    No significant changePlasma humanin correlation with leg strength
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Exercise and physical function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Plasma levels of MDPs were not correlated to fitness outcomes [V̇O2max, leg strength, or muscle mitochondrial (mt) DNA copy number].
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  12. 12HumanEndogenous levelRandomized controlled trialOther

    Plasma humanin levels were not correlated with muscle mitochondrial DNA copy number.

    In plain wordsThe body's own humanin levels in blood were not linked to the amount of mitochondrial DNA in muscle.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    No significant changePlasma humanin correlation with muscle mtDNA copy number
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Whole body

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Plasma levels of MDPs were not correlated to fitness outcomes [V̇O2max, leg strength, or muscle mitochondrial (mt) DNA copy number].
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Following familiarization, subjects were randomized to EE (n = 10, 45 min cycling at 70% of estimated V̇O2max), RE (n = 10, 4 sets × 7RM, leg press and knee extension), or control (CON, n = 10).
    Summary · context
    Skeletal muscle biopsies and blood samples were collected before and at 30 min and 3 h following exercise.

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Versions 4 to 18Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:02 UTC

    The same notice was added 15 times, first on 13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC. The status did not change between them.

    Study results updated

  2. Version 3

    13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    Study results updated

  4. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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