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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2021

1 result

Spatiotemporal single-cell RNA sequencing of developing chicken hearts identifies interplay between cellular differentiation and morphogenesis.

Mantri M, Scuderi GJ, Abedini-Nassab R, Wang MFZ, McKellar D, Shi H, Grodner B, Butcher JT, De Vlaminck I

Nature communications19 Mar 2021Cited by 192 (Europe PMC)

PMID33741943 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC7979764 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1038/s41467-021-21892-z (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-33741943
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Summary

Single-cell RNA sequencing is a powerful tool to study developmental biology but does not preserve spatial information about tissue morphology and cellular interactions. Here, we combine single-cell and spatial transcriptomics with algorithms for data integration to study the development of the chicken heart from the early to late four-chambered heart stage. We create a census of the diverse cellular lineages in developing hearts, their spatial organization, and their interactions during development. Spatial mapping of differentiation transitions in cardiac lineages defines transcriptional differences between epithelial and mesenchymal cells within the epicardial lineage. Using spatially resolved expression analysis, we identify anatomically restricted expression programs, including expression of genes implicated in congenital heart disease. Last, we discover a persistent enrichment of the small, secreted peptide, thymosin beta-4, throughout coronary vascular development. Overall, our study identifies an intricate interplay between cellular differentiation and morphogenesis.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study1

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured1

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In developing chicken hearts, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics showed persistent enrichment of thymosin beta‑4 throughout coronary vascular development.

    In plain wordsIn developing chicken hearts, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 was persistently enriched while coronary vessels formed.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableThymosin beta-4 enrichment during coronary vascular development
    Study

    chickenn: not reported in source

    developing chicken heart
    Outcome group
    Heart function · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Last, we discover a persistent enrichment of the small, secreted peptide, thymosin beta-4, throughout coronary vascular development.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Here, we combine single-cell and spatial transcriptomics with algorithms for data integration to study the development of the chicken heart from the early to late four-chambered heart stage.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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