Improving retinal mitochondrial function as a treatment for age-related macular degeneration.

Ebeling MC, Polanco JR, Qu J, Tu C, Montezuma SR, Ferrington DA

Redox biology18 May 2020Cited by 56 (Europe PMC)

PMID32446621PMCIDPMC7327959DOI10.1016/j.redox.2020.101552PepBankPUB-32446621

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

4 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In donor RPE cultures, mitochondrial function improved after NMN treatment only in cells from donors with AMD.
In plain wordsIn cells from human donors, NMN improved mitochondrial function only in those from donors with AMD.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
MixedMitochondrial function response by AMD status
Study
humann: not reported in source
primary retinal pigment epithelium from donors with or without AMD
Comparator
Untreated controls
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Mitochondrial function measured after drug treatments showed an AMD-dependent response; only RPE from donors with AMD showed improvements.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
and improve oxidative phosphorylation (Nicotinamide mononucleotide, NMN).
Summary · context
In this study, primary cultures of RPE from human donors with (n = 20) or without (n = 8) AMD were used to evaluate compounds
Report a problemFND-3244662101
02LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In RPE from donors with AMD, NMN significantly increased maximal respiration compared with untreated controls.
In plain wordsIn cells from human donors with AMD, NMN increased maximal respiration compared with untreated controls.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
IncreaseMaximal respiration
Study
humann: not reported in source
primary retinal pigment epithelium from donors with AMD
Comparator
Untreated controls
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
All four drugs caused a significant increase in maximal respiration (p < 0.05) compared to untreated controls.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Mitochondrial function measured after drug treatments showed an AMD-dependent response; only RPE from donors with AMD showed improvements.
Summary · context
In this study, primary cultures of RPE from human donors with (n = 20) or without (n = 8) AMD were used to evaluate compounds
Report a problemFND-3244662102
03LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In RPE from donors with AMD, NMN significantly increased ATP production compared with untreated controls.
In plain wordsIn cells from human donors with AMD, NMN increased ATP production compared with untreated controls.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
IncreaseATP production
Study
humann: not reported in source
primary retinal pigment epithelium from donors with AMD
Comparator
Untreated controls
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Treatment with Rapamycin, PQQ, or NMN significantly increased ATP production (p < 0.05).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Mitochondrial function measured after drug treatments showed an AMD-dependent response; only RPE from donors with AMD showed improvements.
Summary · context
In this study, primary cultures of RPE from human donors with (n = 20) or without (n = 8) AMD were used to evaluate compounds
Report a problemFND-3244662103
04LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In donor RPE cultures, NMN did not significantly increase basal respiration, whereas only rapamycin did.
In plain wordsIn cells from human donors, NMN did not significantly increase basal respiration compared with untreated controls.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
No significant changeBasal respiration
Study
humann: not reported in source
primary retinal pigment epithelium from donors with AMD
Comparator
Untreated controls
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Eye
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Only Rapamycin increased basal respiration (p < 0.05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, primary cultures of RPE from human donors with (n = 20) or without (n = 8) AMD were used to evaluate compounds
Report a problemFND-3244662104

Studies that did not test the peptide alone2

In this study, NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide).

05LabNot a test of NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
Across four drug treatments including NMN, about 50% of AMD donors showed robust responses, while the remaining donors showed attenuated responses.
In plain wordsIn cells from human donors with AMD, about 50% showed robust responses across four drugs including NMN.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
Not applicableRobust mitochondrial response proportion
Study
humann: not reported in source
primary retinal pigment epithelium from donors with AMD
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Eye
Measurements
Robust response proportion
≈ 50%
AMD donors across four drugs
Source sentences
Summary
Notably, robust responses were observed in only about 50% of AMD donors, with attenuated responses observed in the remaining AMD donors.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
All four drugs caused a significant increase in maximal respiration (p < 0.05) compared to untreated controls.
Summary · context
In this study, primary cultures of RPE from human donors with (n = 20) or without (n = 8) AMD were used to evaluate compounds
In this study, NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide).
Report a problemFND-3244662105
06LabNot a test of NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
Among responding AMD donor RPE cultures, individual donors showed distinct reactions to each tested drug, including NMN.
In plain wordsIn cells from human donors with AMD, responders showed different reactions to each drug, including NMN.
Peptide
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
Outcome
MixedIndividual donor drug response
Study
humann: not reported in source
primary retinal pigment epithelium from donors with AMD
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Eye
Source sentences
Summary
Further, within the responders, individual donors exhibited a distinct reaction to each drug.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Notably, robust responses were observed in only about 50% of AMD donors, with attenuated responses observed in the remaining AMD donors.
Summary · context
In this study, primary cultures of RPE from human donors with (n = 20) or without (n = 8) AMD were used to evaluate compounds
In this study, NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide).
Report a problemFND-3244662106

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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Terms as the source lists them.

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