Efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Hussein H, Zaccardi F, Khunti K, Davies MJ, Patsko E, Dhalwani NN, Kloecker DE, Ioannidou E, Gray LJ

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism18 Mar 2020Cited by 55 (Europe PMC)

PMID32077218DOI10.1111/dom.14008PepBankPUB-32077218

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study11

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. 3 results from people.

01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced HbA1c more than placebo at 24 weeks in the network meta-analysis.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered HbA1c more than placebo at 24 weeks in a pooled analysis of trials.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c change versus placebo at 24 weeks
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 24 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HbA1c change versus placebo
−1.49%
24 weeks
Source sentences
Summary
with semaglutide showing greater reduction compared with placebo [24 weeks: -1.49% (95% credible interval: -1.76, -1.22); 52 weeks: -1.38% (-2.05, -0.71)] and all other treatments
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
Report a problemFND-3207721801
02HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced HbA1c more than placebo at 52 weeks in the network meta-analysis.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered HbA1c more than placebo at 52 weeks in a pooled analysis of trials.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c change versus placebo at 52 weeks
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 52 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HbA1c change versus placebo
−1.38%
52 weeks
Source sentences
Summary
with semaglutide showing greater reduction compared with placebo [24 weeks: -1.49% (95% credible interval: -1.76, -1.22); 52 weeks: -1.38% (-2.05, -0.71)] and all other treatments
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
Report a problemFND-3207721802
03HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide reduced HbA1c more than all other treatments in the network meta-analysis.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered HbA1c more than every other treatment in a pooled analysis of trials.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c reduction versus all other treatments
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
All other treatments in the network
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
with semaglutide showing greater reduction compared with placebo [24 weeks: -1.49% (95% credible interval: -1.76, -1.22); 52 weeks: -1.38% (-2.05, -0.71)] and all other treatments
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
Report a problemFND-3207721803

Studies that did not test the peptide alone8

In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Semaglutide.

04HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, all SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists pooled in the network improved HbA1c compared with placebo.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, all the drugs in the pooled analysis, from two drug classes, improved HbA1c compared with placebo.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c change, all treatments versus placebo
Study
n = 31,384
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Compared with placebo, all treatments improved HbA1c.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3207721804
05HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists as a class reduced HbA1c more than short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, the long-acting drug class lowered HbA1c more than the short-acting drug class.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c, long-acting versus short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Long-acting GLP-1RAs reduced HbA1c compared with short-acting GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3207721805
06HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists as a class reduced HbA1c more than SGLT-2 inhibitors.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, the long-acting GLP-1 drug class lowered HbA1c more than the SGLT-2 drug class.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists versus SGLT-2 inhibitors
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
SGLT-2 inhibitors
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Long-acting GLP-1RAs reduced HbA1c compared with short-acting GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3207721806
07HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists as a class showed benefits in body weight reduction.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, the long-acting GLP-1 drug class was linked to body weight reduction.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBody weight, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Long-acting GLP-1RAs showed benefits in body weight and waist circumference reduction
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3207721807
08HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists as a class showed benefits in waist circumference reduction.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, the long-acting GLP-1 drug class was linked to smaller waist size.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseWaist circumference, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Long-acting GLP-1RAs showed benefits in body weight and waist circumference reduction
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3207721808
09HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists carried a lower risk of genital infection than SGLT-2 inhibitors.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, the long-acting GLP-1 drug class had a lower genital infection risk than the SGLT-2 drug class.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
DecreaseGenital infection, SGLT-2 inhibitors versus long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
SGLT-2 inhibitors
Outcome group
Adverse events · Infection
Measurements
Odds ratio, SGLT-2 inhibitors versus long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists
5.26 OR
genital infection
Source sentences
Summary
SGLT-2is showed increased risk of genital infection in comparison with long-acting GLP-1RAs [odds ratio (95% credible interval): 5.26 (1.45, 25.00)]
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3207721809
10HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists increased the risk of diarrhoea compared with SGLT-2 inhibitors.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, the long-acting GLP-1 drug class caused more diarrhoea than the SGLT-2 drug class.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
IncreaseDiarrhoea, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists versus SGLT-2 inhibitors
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
SGLT-2 inhibitors
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Odds ratio, long-acting GLP-1RAs versus SGLT-2is
2.23 OR
diarrhoea
Source sentences
Summary
GLP-1RAs showed increased risk of diarrhoea in comparison with SGLT-2is [short-acting GLP-1RAs: 1.65 (1.09, 2.49); long-acting GLP-1RAs: 2.23 (1.51, 3.28)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3207721810
11HumanNot a test of Semaglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes, no other adverse event differences were found between SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, no other side effect differences were found between the two drug classes.
Peptide
Semaglutide
Outcome
No significant changeOther adverse events, SGLT-2 inhibitors versus GLP-1 receptor agonists
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
SGLT-2 inhibitors
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
No other differences were found between SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs in adverse events.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Summary · context
Sixty-four trials (53 trials of 24 weeks; seven trials of 52 weeks; four trials of both 24 and 52 weeks), comprising 31 384 participants were identified.
In this study, Semaglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Semaglutide.
Report a problemFND-3207721811

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
11 Oct 2026, 00:50 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:06 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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