Long-term oral administration of Exendin-4 to control type 2 diabetes in a rat model.

Suzuki K, Kim KS, Bae YH

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society18 Dec 2018Cited by 56 (Europe PMC)

PMID30572033PMCIDPMC6369909DOI10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.12.028PepBankPUB-30572033

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics
In rats, oral EL-CSG had relative bioavailability of 19.5% versus subcutaneous Ex-4.
In plain wordsIn rats, oral EL-CSG had 19.5% relative bioavailability versus subcutaneous Ex-4.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
Not applicableRelative oral bioavailability
Study
ratn: not reported in source
type 2 diabetes rat model
Comparator
subcutaneous Ex-4 20 μg/kg
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Studied dose
200 μg/kg · oralAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
In rat models, a single oral dose (200 μg/kg) of EL-CSG showed a relative oral bioavailability of 19.5%, compared with subcutaneous administration (20 μg/kg), and sustained pharmacokinetics for up to 72 h.
Report a problemFND-3057203303
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics
In rats, a single oral EL-CSG dose sustained pharmacokinetics for up to 72 h.
In plain wordsIn rats, oral EL-CSG sustained pharmacokinetics for up to 72 h.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
Not applicableSustained pharmacokinetics
Study
ratn: not reported in source
type 2 diabetes rat model
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Studied dose
200 μg/kg · oralAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
In rat models, a single oral dose (200 μg/kg) of EL-CSG showed a relative oral bioavailability of 19.5%, compared with subcutaneous administration (20 μg/kg), and sustained pharmacokinetics for up to 72 h.
Report a problemFND-3057203304
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, oral EL-CSG had overall effects assessed by HbA1c, weight and lipids equivalent to or better than injected free Ex-4.
In plain wordsIn rats, overall effects of oral EL-CSG were equivalent to or better than injected free Ex-4.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
MixedOverall long-term pharmacodynamic effects
Study
ratn: not reported in source
type 2 diabetes rat model
Comparator
daily subcutaneous free Ex-4 20 μg/kg
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
300 μg/kg daily · oral · four weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
The overall long-term pharmacodynamic effects, assessed by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body weight, and blood lipid concentrations, of daily oral EL-CSG (300 μg/kg) for four weeks were equivalent to or better than daily subcutaneous injections of free Ex-4 solution (20 μg/kg).
Report a problemFND-3057203305

Studies that did not test the peptide alone2

In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

04LabNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Activity measurement
In lab tests, EL-CSG liposomes had an Ex-4 loading efficiency of 77%.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, EL-CSG liposomes loaded Ex-4 with 77% efficiency.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
Not applicableLoading efficiency
Study
n: not reported in source
EL-CSG liposomes
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Measurements
Loading efficiency
77%
EL-CSG
Source sentences
Summary
The Ex-4 loading efficiency was 77% and the loading content in the nanoparticles was 1 wt-%.
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-3057203301
05LabNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Activity measurement
In lab tests, Ex-4 loading content was 1 wt-%.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, Ex-4 loading content was 1 wt-%.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
Not applicableLoading content
Study
n: not reported in source
EL-CSG liposomes
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
The Ex-4 loading efficiency was 77% and the loading content in the nanoparticles was 1 wt-%.
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-3057203302

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.