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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · 2018

9 results

Inflammation-Induced Adverse Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes Can Be Improved by the Immunomodulatory Peptide Exendin-4.

Garcia-Flores V, Romero R, Miller D, Xu Y, Done B, Veerapaneni C, Leng Y, Arenas-Hernandez M, Khan N, Panaitescu B, Hassan SS, Alvarez-Salas LM, Gomez-Lopez N

Frontiers in immunology18 Jun 2018Cited by 64 (Europe PMC)

PMID29967606 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC6015905 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.3389/fimmu.2018.01291 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-29967606
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Summary

Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammation is causally linked to preterm birth; therefore, finding an intervention that dampens maternal and fetal inflammatory responses may provide a new strategy to prevent adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Using animal models of systemic maternal inflammation [intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] and fetal inflammation (intra-amniotic administration of LPS), we found that (1) systemic inflammation induced adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes by causing a severe maternal cytokine storm and a mild fetal cytokine response; (2) fetal inflammation induced adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes by causing a mild maternal cytokine response and a severe fetal cytokine storm; (3) exendin-4 (Ex4) treatment of dams with systemic inflammation or fetal inflammation improved adverse pregnancy outcomes by modestly reducing the rate of preterm birth; (4) Ex4 treatment of dams with systemic, but not local, inflammation considerably improved neonatal outcomes, and such neonates continued to thrive; (5) systemic inflammation facilitated the diffusion of Ex4 through the uterus and the maternal-fetal interface; (6) neonates born to Ex4-treated dams with systemic inflammation displayed a similar cytokine profile to healthy control neonates; and (7) treatment with Ex4 had immunomodulatory effects by inducing an M2 macrophage polarization and increasing anti-inflammatory neutrophils, as well as suppressing the expansion of CD8+ regulatory T cells, in neonates born to dams with systemic inflammation. Collectively, these results provide evidence that dampening maternal systemic inflammation through novel interventions, such as Ex4, can improve the quality of life for neonates born to women with this clinical condition.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study9

9 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In animal dams with systemic inflammation, exendin‑4 modestly reduced preterm birth rates.

    In plain wordsIn animals with maternal systemic inflammation, exendin‑4 modestly reduced early births.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreasePreterm birth with systemic inflammation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    maternal systemic inflammation induced by LPS
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    (3) exendin-4 (Ex4) treatment of dams with systemic inflammation or fetal inflammation improved adverse pregnancy outcomes by modestly reducing the rate of preterm birth
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In animal dams with fetal inflammation, exendin‑4 modestly reduced preterm birth rates.

    In plain wordsIn animals with fetal inflammation, exendin‑4 modestly reduced early births.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreasePreterm birth with fetal inflammation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    fetal inflammation induced by intra-amniotic LPS
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    (3) exendin-4 (Ex4) treatment of dams with systemic inflammation or fetal inflammation improved adverse pregnancy outcomes by modestly reducing the rate of preterm birth
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In animals with maternal systemic inflammation, exendin‑4 considerably improved neonatal outcomes, and neonates continued to thrive.

    In plain wordsIn animals with maternal systemic inflammation, exendin‑4 improved newborn outcomes, and newborns continued to thrive.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseNeonatal outcomes with systemic maternal inflammation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Pregnancy and fetal development · Whole body
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    (4) Ex4 treatment of dams with systemic, but not local, inflammation considerably improved neonatal outcomes, and such neonates continued to thrive
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In animals with fetal inflammation, exendin‑4 treatment of dams did not considerably improve neonatal outcomes.

    In plain wordsIn animals with fetal inflammation, exendin‑4 treatment of mothers did not considerably improve newborn outcomes.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeNeonatal outcomes with local inflammation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    fetal inflammation induced by intra-amniotic LPS
    Outcome group
    Pregnancy and fetal development · Whole body
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    (4) Ex4 treatment of dams with systemic, but not local, inflammation considerably improved neonatal outcomes, and such neonates continued to thrive
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In animals, systemic inflammation facilitated exendin‑4 diffusion through the uterus and maternal-fetal interface.

    In plain wordsIn animals, systemic inflammation increased exendin‑4 diffusion through the uterus and maternal-fetal interface.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseUterine and maternal-fetal diffusion
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    (5) systemic inflammation facilitated the diffusion of Ex4 through the uterus and the maternal-fetal interface
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In animals, neonates of exendin‑4-treated dams with systemic inflammation had cytokine profiles similar to healthy control neonates.

    In plain wordsIn animals, newborns of treated dams with systemic inflammation had cytokine profiles similar to healthy newborns.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeNeonatal cytokine profile
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    healthy control neonates
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    (6) neonates born to Ex4-treated dams with systemic inflammation displayed a similar cytokine profile to healthy control neonates
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In animal neonates born to dams with systemic inflammation, exendin‑4 induced M2 macrophage polarization.

    In plain wordsIn animals, exendin‑4 induced M2 macrophage polarization in newborns of dams with systemic inflammation.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseM2 macrophage polarization
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    (7) treatment with Ex4 had immunomodulatory effects by inducing an M2 macrophage polarization and increasing anti-inflammatory neutrophils, as well as suppressing the expansion of CD8+ regulatory T cells, in neonates born to dams with systemic inflammation.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In animal neonates born to dams with systemic inflammation, exendin‑4 increased anti-inflammatory neutrophils.

    In plain wordsIn animals, exendin‑4 increased anti-inflammatory neutrophils in newborns of dams with systemic inflammation.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseAnti-inflammatory neutrophils
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    (7) treatment with Ex4 had immunomodulatory effects by inducing an M2 macrophage polarization and increasing anti-inflammatory neutrophils, as well as suppressing the expansion of CD8+ regulatory T cells, in neonates born to dams with systemic inflammation.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In animal neonates born to dams with systemic inflammation, exendin‑4 suppressed expansion of CD8+ regulatory T cells.

    In plain wordsIn animals, exendin‑4 reduced expansion of CD8+ regulatory T cells in newborns of dams with systemic inflammation.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseCD8+ regulatory T-cell expansion
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    (7) treatment with Ex4 had immunomodulatory effects by inducing an M2 macrophage polarization and increasing anti-inflammatory neutrophils, as well as suppressing the expansion of CD8+ regulatory T cells, in neonates born to dams with systemic inflammation.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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