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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · 2018

5 results

Tf ligand-receptor-mediated exenatide-Zn2+ complex oral-delivery system for penetration enhancement of exenatide.

Zhang L, Shi Y, Song Y, Duan D, Zhang X, Sun K, Li Y

Journal of drug targeting16 Apr 2018Cited by 22 (Europe PMC)

PMID29619854 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1080/1061186x.2018.1455839 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-29619854
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

2 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In vivo, transferrin-modified exenatide-zinc nanoparticles had higher relative bioavailability than exenatide-zinc nanoparticles without transferrin.

    In plain wordsIn animals, transferrin-modified exenatide particles had higher relative bioavailability than particles without transferrin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseRelative bioavailability
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    exenatide-Zn nanoparticles without transferrin
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oralAs given in this study.

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Our results showed that the relative bioavailability of Tf-exenatide-Zn2+-NPs was higher than that of exenatide-Zn2+-NPs.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The results of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic investigations in vivo were consistent with in vitro studies using Caco-2 cells.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In vivo, oral transferrin-exenatide-zinc nanoparticles had relative bioavailability of 6.45% versus subcutaneous exenatide.

    In plain wordsIn animals, oral transferrin-exenatide-zinc particles had 6.45% relative bioavailability compared with injected exenatide.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableRelative bioavailability versus subcutaneous exenatide
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    subcutaneous exenatide
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · oralAs given in this study.

    Measurements

    Relative bioavailability
    6.45%
    versus subcutaneous exenatide

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The relative bioavailability of Tf-exenatide-Zn2+-NPs versus subcutaneous injection of exenatide was 6.45%.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The results of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic investigations in vivo were consistent with in vitro studies using Caco-2 cells.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone3

In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  1. 03LabNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneIn vitro (cells)Pharmacokinetics

    In Caco-2 experiments, transferrin enhanced uptake of the exenatide delivery nanoparticles.

    In plain wordsIn cells, transferrin enhanced uptake of the exenatide delivery particles.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseCellular nanoparticle uptake
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Caco-2 cells
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tf enhanced NPs transport in cell-uptake and transmembrane-transport experiments.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The results of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic investigations in vivo were consistent with in vitro studies using Caco-2 cells.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  2. 04LabNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneIn vitro (cells)Pharmacokinetics

    In Caco-2 experiments, transferrin enhanced transmembrane transport of the exenatide delivery nanoparticles.

    In plain wordsIn cells, transferrin enhanced transport of the exenatide delivery particles across membranes.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTransmembrane nanoparticle transport
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Caco-2 cells
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tf enhanced NPs transport in cell-uptake and transmembrane-transport experiments.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The results of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic investigations in vivo were consistent with in vitro studies using Caco-2 cells.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  3. 05LabNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other

    In laboratory imaging, exenatide-loaded PEG-PLGA nanoparticles and transferrin-modified nanoparticles were uniformly sized spheres.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, both nanoparticle preparations formed uniformly sized spheres.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableNanoparticle morphology
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Formulation, delivery and stability · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    PEG-PLGA-NPs and Tf-modified exenatide-Zn2+-loaded NPs (Tf-PEG-PLGA-NPs) were uniformly sized spheres according to transmission electron microscopy.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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