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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · sprague-dawley rat · 2018

10 results

Exendin-4 attenuates neuronal death via GLP-1R/PI3K/Akt pathway in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.

Xie Z, Enkhjargal B, Wu L, Zhou K, Sun C, Hu X, Gospodarev V, Tang J, You C, Zhang JH

Neuropharmacology4 Oct 2017Cited by 85 (Europe PMC)

PMID28986282 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC5714662 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.09.040 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-28986282
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study10

8 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 improved short-term neurobehavior versus vehicle.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 improved short-term behavior versus vehicle.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseShort-term neurobehavior
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn: not reported in source

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (Sprague-Dawley rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Administration of Ex-4 significantly improved both short- and long-term neurobehavior in SAH + Ex-4 group compared to SAH + Vehicle group after SAH.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 improved long-term neurobehavior versus vehicle.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 improved long-term behavior versus vehicle.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseLong-term neurobehavior
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn: not reported in source

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (Sprague-Dawley rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Administration of Ex-4 significantly improved both short- and long-term neurobehavior in SAH + Ex-4 group compared to SAH + Vehicle group after SAH.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain GLP-1R expression.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain GLP-1R expression.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseGLP-1R expression
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn: not reported in source

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus vehicle
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (Sprague-Dawley rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Ex-4 treatment significantly increased the expression of GLP-1R, PI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-2, while at the same time was found to decrease expression of Bax in the brain.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain PI3K expression.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain PI3K expression.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreasePI3K expression
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn: not reported in source

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus vehicle
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (Sprague-Dawley rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Ex-4 treatment significantly increased the expression of GLP-1R, PI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-2, while at the same time was found to decrease expression of Bax in the brain.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain p-Akt expression.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain p-Akt expression.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Increasep-Akt expression
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn: not reported in source

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus vehicle
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (Sprague-Dawley rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Ex-4 treatment significantly increased the expression of GLP-1R, PI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-2, while at the same time was found to decrease expression of Bax in the brain.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain Bcl-xl expression.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain Bcl-xl expression.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseBcl-xl expression
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn: not reported in source

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (Sprague-Dawley rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Ex-4 treatment significantly increased the expression of GLP-1R, PI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-2, while at the same time was found to decrease expression of Bax in the brain.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain Bcl-2 expression.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 increased brain Bcl-2 expression.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseBcl-2 expression
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn: not reported in source

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (Sprague-Dawley rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Ex-4 treatment significantly increased the expression of GLP-1R, PI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-2, while at the same time was found to decrease expression of Bax in the brain.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 decreased brain Bax expression.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, exendin‑4 decreased brain Bax expression.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseBax expression
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn: not reported in source

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (Sprague-Dawley rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Ex-4 treatment significantly increased the expression of GLP-1R, PI3K, p-Akt, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-2, while at the same time was found to decrease expression of Bax in the brain.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).

Studies that did not test the peptide alone2

In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  1. 09AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, GLP-1R siRNA reversed exendin‑4 effects.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, GLP-1R siRNA reversed exendin‑4 effects.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableReversal by GLP-1R siRNA
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn = 12

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus exendin-4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Effects of Ex-4 were reversed by the intervention of GLP-1R siRNA and LY294002 in SAH + Ex-4+GLP-1R siRNA and SAH + Ex-4+LY294002 groups, respectively.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism, small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) for GLP-1R and a specific inhibitor of PI3K, LY294002, were injected intracerebroventricularly into SAH + Ex-4 rats before induction of SAH (n = 6 per group).
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  2. 10AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, LY294002 reversed exendin‑4 effects.

    In plain wordsIn rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage, LY294002 reversed exendin‑4 effects.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableReversal by PI3K inhibitor
    Study

    Sprague-Dawley ratn = 12

    Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Comparator
    SAH plus exendin-4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Effects of Ex-4 were reversed by the intervention of GLP-1R siRNA and LY294002 in SAH + Ex-4+GLP-1R siRNA and SAH + Ex-4+LY294002 groups, respectively.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism, small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) for GLP-1R and a specific inhibitor of PI3K, LY294002, were injected intracerebroventricularly into SAH + Ex-4 rats before induction of SAH (n = 6 per group).
    Summary · context
    The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 153).
    Summary · context
    Ex-4 was intraperitoneally injected 1 h after SAH induction in the rats (SAH + Ex-4).

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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