Effect of exenatide after short-time intensive insulin therapy on glycaemic remission maintenance in type 2 diabetes patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Shi X, Shi Y, Chen N, Lin M, Su W, Zhang H, Liu C, Song H, Xiao F, Huang P, Wang L, Liu W and 8 more

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Zeng J, Yan B, Liu Q, Liu S, Yang S, Li X, Li Z, Li X

Scientific reports24 May 2017Cited by 10 (Europe PMC)

PMID28539618PMCIDPMC5443840DOI10.1038/s41598-017-02631-1PepBankPUB-28539618

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Summary

Early short-term intensive insulin (STII) therapy can induce drug-free glycemic remission for up to 1 year in half of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients. Whether exenatide following STII therapy will induce higher long-term glycaemic remission is currently unknown. To assess the effect of STII+ exenatide therapy, compared with STII only, on maintenance of glycaemic remission in newly diagnosed T2DM patients. In this randomized, parallel-group, open-label, controlled trial, 129 patients (66 in STII+ exenatide group and 63 in STII only group) firstly completed 3-week STII therapy, then STII+ exenatide group was treated with exenatide for 12 weeks further. The cumulative probabilities of 1-year and 2-year glycaemic remission in STII+ exenatide group were 68.2 ± 5.7% and 53.0 ± 6.1%, which were significantly higher than STII only group (36.5 ± 6.1% and 31.8 ± 5.9%) (p-values < 0.001). Patients in STII+ exenatide group, compared with STII only group, showed significantly decreased levels of waist (82.2 (81.0, 83.5) cm v.s. 84.2 (82.7, 85.7) cm, p = 0.048) and HbA1c (5.83 (5.60, 6.06)% v.s. 6.49 (6.20, 6.77)%, p < 0.001) after 12-week exenatide treatment, but these differences disappeared after 1-year and 2-year follow-up. As conclusions, Improved effect of sequential exenatide after STII therapy on maintenance of glycaemic remission only occurred during exenatide treatment and lost upon treatment cessation.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study6

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. 6 results from people.

01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In newly diagnosed diabetes, sequential exenatide after intensive insulin increased one-year glycaemic remission versus intensive insulin only.
In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed diabetes, exenatide after intensive insulin increased one-year remission compared with intensive insulin only.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
IncreaseOne-year glycaemic remission
Study
n = 129
Comparator
Short-term intensive insulin only
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 12 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
1-year cumulative glycaemic remission probability
68.2%
STII + exenatide group
1-year cumulative glycaemic remission probability
36.5%
STII only group
Source sentences
Summary
The cumulative probabilities of 1-year and 2-year glycaemic remission in STII+ exenatide group were 68.2 ± 5.7% and 53.0 ± 6.1%, which were significantly higher than STII only group (36.5 ± 6.1% and 31.8 ± 5.9%) (p-values < 0.001).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this randomized, parallel-group, open-label, controlled trial, 129 patients (66 in STII+ exenatide group and 63 in STII only group) firstly completed 3-week STII therapy, then STII+ exenatide group was treated with exenatide for 12 weeks further.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2853961801
02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In newly diagnosed diabetes, sequential exenatide after intensive insulin increased two-year glycaemic remission versus intensive insulin only.
In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed diabetes, exenatide after intensive insulin increased two-year remission compared with intensive insulin only.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
IncreaseTwo-year glycaemic remission
Study
n = 129
Comparator
Short-term intensive insulin only
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 12 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
2-year cumulative glycaemic remission probability
53%
STII + exenatide group
2-year cumulative glycaemic remission probability
31.8%
STII only group
Source sentences
Summary
The cumulative probabilities of 1-year and 2-year glycaemic remission in STII+ exenatide group were 68.2 ± 5.7% and 53.0 ± 6.1%, which were significantly higher than STII only group (36.5 ± 6.1% and 31.8 ± 5.9%) (p-values < 0.001).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this randomized, parallel-group, open-label, controlled trial, 129 patients (66 in STII+ exenatide group and 63 in STII only group) firstly completed 3-week STII therapy, then STII+ exenatide group was treated with exenatide for 12 weeks further.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2853961802
03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In newly diagnosed diabetes, sequential exenatide decreased waist circumference versus intensive insulin only after treatment.
In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed diabetes, exenatide after intensive insulin reduced waist size compared with intensive insulin only.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseWaist circumference at treatment completion
Study
n = 129
Comparator
Short-term intensive insulin only
Outcome group
Body composition · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 12 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Waist circumference after 12-week exenatide treatment
82.2 cm
STII + exenatide group
Waist circumference after 12-week exenatide treatment
84.2 cm
STII only group
Source sentences
Summary
Patients in STII+ exenatide group, compared with STII only group, showed significantly decreased levels of waist (82.2 (81.0, 83.5) cm v.s. 84.2 (82.7, 85.7) cm, p = 0.048) and HbA1c (5.83 (5.60, 6.06)% v.s. 6.49 (6.20, 6.77)%, p < 0.001) after 12-week exenatide treatment, but these differences disappeared after 1-year and 2-year follow-up.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this randomized, parallel-group, open-label, controlled trial, 129 patients (66 in STII+ exenatide group and 63 in STII only group) firstly completed 3-week STII therapy, then STII+ exenatide group was treated with exenatide for 12 weeks further.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2853961803
04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In newly diagnosed diabetes, sequential exenatide decreased HbA1c versus intensive insulin only after treatment.
In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed diabetes, exenatide after intensive insulin lowered HbA1c compared with intensive insulin only.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c at treatment completion
Study
n = 129
Comparator
Short-term intensive insulin only
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 12 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
HbA1c after 12-week exenatide treatment
5.83%
STII + exenatide group
HbA1c after 12-week exenatide treatment
6.49%
STII only group
Source sentences
Summary
Patients in STII+ exenatide group, compared with STII only group, showed significantly decreased levels of waist (82.2 (81.0, 83.5) cm v.s. 84.2 (82.7, 85.7) cm, p = 0.048) and HbA1c (5.83 (5.60, 6.06)% v.s. 6.49 (6.20, 6.77)%, p < 0.001) after 12-week exenatide treatment, but these differences disappeared after 1-year and 2-year follow-up.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this randomized, parallel-group, open-label, controlled trial, 129 patients (66 in STII+ exenatide group and 63 in STII only group) firstly completed 3-week STII therapy, then STII+ exenatide group was treated with exenatide for 12 weeks further.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2853961804
05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In newly diagnosed diabetes, waist circumference differences between sequential exenatide and intensive insulin only disappeared at follow-up.
In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed diabetes, waist size differences between sequential exenatide and intensive insulin only disappeared during follow-up.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
No significant changeWaist circumference during follow-up
Study
n = 129
Comparator
Short-term intensive insulin only
Outcome group
Body composition · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 12 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Patients in STII+ exenatide group, compared with STII only group, showed significantly decreased levels of waist (82.2 (81.0, 83.5) cm v.s. 84.2 (82.7, 85.7) cm, p = 0.048) and HbA1c (5.83 (5.60, 6.06)% v.s. 6.49 (6.20, 6.77)%, p < 0.001) after 12-week exenatide treatment, but these differences disappeared after 1-year and 2-year follow-up.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this randomized, parallel-group, open-label, controlled trial, 129 patients (66 in STII+ exenatide group and 63 in STII only group) firstly completed 3-week STII therapy, then STII+ exenatide group was treated with exenatide for 12 weeks further.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2853961805
06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In newly diagnosed diabetes, HbA1c differences between sequential exenatide and intensive insulin only disappeared at follow-up.
In plain wordsIn newly diagnosed diabetes, HbA1c differences between sequential exenatide and intensive insulin only disappeared during follow-up.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
No significant changeHbA1c during follow-up
Study
n = 129
Comparator
Short-term intensive insulin only
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 12 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Patients in STII+ exenatide group, compared with STII only group, showed significantly decreased levels of waist (82.2 (81.0, 83.5) cm v.s. 84.2 (82.7, 85.7) cm, p = 0.048) and HbA1c (5.83 (5.60, 6.06)% v.s. 6.49 (6.20, 6.77)%, p < 0.001) after 12-week exenatide treatment, but these differences disappeared after 1-year and 2-year follow-up.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this randomized, parallel-group, open-label, controlled trial, 129 patients (66 in STII+ exenatide group and 63 in STII only group) firstly completed 3-week STII therapy, then STII+ exenatide group was treated with exenatide for 12 weeks further.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2853961806

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Version history

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Version 2Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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