Carnosine Attenuates the Development of both Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in BTBR ob/ob Mice.

Albrecht T, Schilperoort M, Zhang S, Braun JD, Qiu J, Rodriguez A, Pastene DO, Krämer BK, Köppel H, Baelde H, de Heer E, Anna Altomare A and 6 more

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Regazzoni L, Denisi A, Aldini G, van den Born J, Yard BA, Hauske SJ

Scientific reports10 Mar 2017Cited by 105 (Europe PMC)

PMID28281693PMCIDPMC5345040DOI10.1038/srep44492PepBankPUB-28281693

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Summary

We previously demonstrated that polymorphisms in the carnosinase-1 gene (CNDP1) determine the risk of nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Carnosine, the substrate of the enzyme encoded by this gene, is considered renoprotective and could possibly be used to treat diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN. Treatment of BTBR ob/ob mice with 4 mM carnosine for 18 weeks reduced plasma glucose and HbA1c, concomitant with elevated insulin and C-peptide levels. Also, albuminuria and kidney weights were reduced in carnosine-treated mice, which showed less glomerular hypertrophy due to a decrease in the surface area of Bowman's capsule and space. Carnosine treatment restored the glomerular ultrastructure without affecting podocyte number, resulted in a modified molecular composition of the expanded mesangial matrix and led to the formation of carnosine-acrolein adducts. Our results demonstrate that treatment with carnosine improves glucose metabolism, albuminuria and pathology in BTBR ob/ob mice. Hence, carnosine could be a novel therapeutic strategy to treat patients with DN and/or be used to prevent DN in patients with diabetes.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study13

13 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine reduced plasma glucose.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine reduced plasma glucose.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
DecreasePlasma glucose
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Treatment of BTBR ob/ob mice with 4 mM carnosine for 18 weeks reduced plasma glucose and HbA1c, concomitant with elevated insulin and C-peptide levels.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169301
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine reduced HbA1c.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine reduced HbA1c.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Treatment of BTBR ob/ob mice with 4 mM carnosine for 18 weeks reduced plasma glucose and HbA1c, concomitant with elevated insulin and C-peptide levels.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169302
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine elevated insulin levels.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine increased insulin levels.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
IncreaseInsulin
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Treatment of BTBR ob/ob mice with 4 mM carnosine for 18 weeks reduced plasma glucose and HbA1c, concomitant with elevated insulin and C-peptide levels.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169303
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine elevated C-peptide levels.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine increased C-peptide levels.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
IncreaseC-peptide
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Treatment of BTBR ob/ob mice with 4 mM carnosine for 18 weeks reduced plasma glucose and HbA1c, concomitant with elevated insulin and C-peptide levels.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169304
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine reduced albuminuria.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine reduced urine albumin.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
DecreaseAlbuminuria
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Also, albuminuria and kidney weights were reduced in carnosine-treated mice, which showed less glomerular hypertrophy due to a decrease in the surface area of Bowman's capsule and space.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169305
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine reduced kidney weights.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine reduced kidney weights.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
DecreaseKidney weight
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Also, albuminuria and kidney weights were reduced in carnosine-treated mice, which showed less glomerular hypertrophy due to a decrease in the surface area of Bowman's capsule and space.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169306
07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine reduced glomerular hypertrophy.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine reduced enlargement of kidney filtering structures.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
DecreaseGlomerular hypertrophy
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Also, albuminuria and kidney weights were reduced in carnosine-treated mice, which showed less glomerular hypertrophy due to a decrease in the surface area of Bowman's capsule and space.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169307
08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine reduced the surface area of Bowman's capsule.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine reduced the surface area of Bowman's capsule in the kidney.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
DecreaseBowman capsule surface area
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Also, albuminuria and kidney weights were reduced in carnosine-treated mice, which showed less glomerular hypertrophy due to a decrease in the surface area of Bowman's capsule and space.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169308
09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine reduced the surface area of Bowman's space.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine reduced the surface area of Bowman's space in the kidney.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
DecreaseBowman space surface area
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Also, albuminuria and kidney weights were reduced in carnosine-treated mice, which showed less glomerular hypertrophy due to a decrease in the surface area of Bowman's capsule and space.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169309
10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine restored glomerular ultrastructure.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine restored the fine structure of kidney filtering units.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
Direction not reportedGlomerular ultrastructure
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Carnosine treatment restored the glomerular ultrastructure without affecting podocyte number, resulted in a modified molecular composition of the expanded mesangial matrix and led to the formation of carnosine-acrolein adducts.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169310
11AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine did not affect podocyte number.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine did not change podocyte number.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
No significant changePodocyte number
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Carnosine treatment restored the glomerular ultrastructure without affecting podocyte number, resulted in a modified molecular composition of the expanded mesangial matrix and led to the formation of carnosine-acrolein adducts.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169311
12AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine modified the molecular composition of the expanded mesangial matrix.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine changed the molecular composition of the expanded kidney mesangial matrix.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
Direction not reportedMesangial matrix molecular composition
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Carnosine treatment restored the glomerular ultrastructure without affecting podocyte number, resulted in a modified molecular composition of the expanded mesangial matrix and led to the formation of carnosine-acrolein adducts.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169312
13AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In BTBR ob/ob mice, carnosine treatment led to carnosine-acrolein adduct formation.
In plain wordsIn mice with diabetes, carnosine treatment produced carnosine-acrolein adducts.
Peptide
L-carnosine
Outcome
IncreaseCarnosine-acrolein adduct formation
Study
micen: not reported in source
BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetes model
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Kidney and urinary
Studied dose
4 mM · 18 weeksAs given in this study (mice).
Source sentences
Summary
Carnosine treatment restored the glomerular ultrastructure without affecting podocyte number, resulted in a modified molecular composition of the expanded mesangial matrix and led to the formation of carnosine-acrolein adducts.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In this study, we examined the effect of carnosine treatment in vivo in BTBR (Black and Tan, BRachyuric) ob/ob mice, a type 2 diabetes model which develops a phenotype that closely resembles advanced human DN.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2828169313

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
27 Oct 2026, 18:20 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
27 Oct 2026, 16:32 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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