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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2017

8 results

Increased Expression of Thymosin β4 Is Independently Correlated with Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) and Worse Clinical Outcome in Human Colorectal Cancer.

Lee SY, Park MJ, Lee HK, Son HJ, Kim CN, Kim JH, Kang DW

Journal of pathology and translational medicine16 Oct 2016Cited by 4 (Europe PMC)

PMID27744656 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC5267536 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.4132/jptm.2016.08.23 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-27744656
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured8

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In 143 patients with colorectal cancer, high thymosin β4 expression in tumour tissue was correlated with lymphovascular invasion.

    In plain wordsIn people with colorectal cancer, high levels of the body's own thymosin β4 in the tumour were linked to lymphovascular invasion.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTβ4 expression and lymphovascular invasion
    Study

    n = 143

    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    High expression of thymosin β4 was significantly correlated with lymphovascular invasion, invasion depth, regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We investigated tissue sections from 143 patients with CRC by immunohistochemistry.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In 143 patients with colorectal cancer, high thymosin β4 expression in tumour tissue was correlated with invasion depth.

    In plain wordsIn people with colorectal cancer, high levels of the body's own thymosin β4 in the tumour were linked to deeper invasion.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTβ4 expression and invasion depth
    Study

    n = 143

    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    High expression of thymosin β4 was significantly correlated with lymphovascular invasion, invasion depth, regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We investigated tissue sections from 143 patients with CRC by immunohistochemistry.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In 143 patients with colorectal cancer, high thymosin β4 expression in tumour tissue was correlated with regional lymph node metastasis.

    In plain wordsIn people with colorectal cancer, high levels of the body's own thymosin β4 in the tumour were linked to spread to lymph nodes.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTβ4 expression and regional lymph node metastasis
    Study

    n = 143

    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    High expression of thymosin β4 was significantly correlated with lymphovascular invasion, invasion depth, regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We investigated tissue sections from 143 patients with CRC by immunohistochemistry.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  4. 04HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In 143 patients with colorectal cancer, high thymosin β4 expression in tumour tissue was correlated with distant metastasis.

    In plain wordsIn people with colorectal cancer, high levels of the body's own thymosin β4 in the tumour were linked to distant spread.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTβ4 expression and distant metastasis
    Study

    n = 143

    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    High expression of thymosin β4 was significantly correlated with lymphovascular invasion, invasion depth, regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We investigated tissue sections from 143 patients with CRC by immunohistochemistry.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  5. 05HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In 143 patients with colorectal cancer, high thymosin β4 expression in tumour tissue was correlated with TNM stage.

    In plain wordsIn people with colorectal cancer, high levels of the body's own thymosin β4 in the tumour were linked to a higher cancer stage.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTβ4 expression and TNM stage
    Study

    n = 143

    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    High expression of thymosin β4 was significantly correlated with lymphovascular invasion, invasion depth, regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We investigated tissue sections from 143 patients with CRC by immunohistochemistry.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  6. 06HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In 143 patients with colorectal cancer, high thymosin β4 expression in tumour tissue was associated with poor recurrence-free survival on multivariate analysis.

    In plain wordsIn people with colorectal cancer, high levels of the body's own thymosin β4 in the tumour were linked to shorter time without recurrence.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    DecreaseRecurrence-free survival by Tβ4 expression
    Study

    n = 143

    Outcome group
    Mortality · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Patients with high expression of thymosin β4 showed poor recurrence-free survival (p = .001) and poor overall survival (p = .005) on multivariate analysis.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We investigated tissue sections from 143 patients with CRC by immunohistochemistry.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  7. 07HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In 143 patients with colorectal cancer, high thymosin β4 expression in tumour tissue was associated with poor overall survival on multivariate analysis.

    In plain wordsIn people with colorectal cancer, high levels of the body's own thymosin β4 in the tumour were linked to shorter overall survival.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    DecreaseOverall survival by Tβ4 expression
    Study

    n = 143

    Outcome group
    Mortality · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Patients with high expression of thymosin β4 showed poor recurrence-free survival (p = .001) and poor overall survival (p = .005) on multivariate analysis.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We investigated tissue sections from 143 patients with CRC by immunohistochemistry.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  8. 08HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In 143 patients with colorectal cancer, thymosin β4 expression increased in parallel with HIF-1α expression in tumour tissue.

    In plain wordsIn people with colorectal cancer, the body's own thymosin β4 in the tumour rose together with HIF-1α.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTβ4 expression and HIF-1α expression
    Study

    n = 143

    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    We also found that thymosin β4 and HIF-1α were overexpressed and that thymosin β4 expression increased in parallel with HIF-1α expression in CRC.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We investigated tissue sections from 143 patients with CRC by immunohistochemistry.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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