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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2016

8 results

The efficacy and safety of liraglutide added to metformin in patients with diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Gu J, Meng X, Guo Y, Wang L, Zheng H, Liu Y, Wu B, Wang D

Scientific reports7 Sept 2016Cited by 19 (Europe PMC)

PMID27600499 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC5013324 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1038/srep32714 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-27600499
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Summary

Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has showed favorable effects in the glycaemic control and weight reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of liraglutide added to metformin with other treatments in patients with T2DM. A systematic literature search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane library databases were performed. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with T2DM who received the combination treatment of liraglutide and metformin. Pooled estimates were performed using a fixed-effects model or random-effects model. A total of nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Compared with control (placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH), liraglutide in combination with metformin resulted in significant reductions in HbA1c, bodyweight, FPG, and PPG, and similar reductions in SBP, and DBP. Moreover, liraglutide combined with metformin did not increase the risk of hypoglycemia, but induced a higher incidence of gastrointestinal disorders. In conclusion, this meta-analysis confirmed the use of liraglutide as add-on to metformin appeared to be effective and safe for patients with T2DM. However, considering the potential limitations in this study, more large-scale, well-conducted RCTs are needed to identify our findings.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study8

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone8

In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  1. 01HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a meta-analysis of nine trials in type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin reduced HbA1c more than the control treatments.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, adding liraglutide to metformin lowered HbA1c more than the other treatments compared.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH (pooled)
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with control (placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH), liraglutide in combination with metformin resulted in significant reductions in HbA1c, bodyweight, FPG, and PPG, and similar reductions in SBP, and DBP.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with T2DM who received the combination treatment of liraglutide and metformin.
    Summary · context
    A total of nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  2. 02HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a meta-analysis of nine trials in type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin reduced body weight more than the control treatments.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, adding liraglutide to metformin lowered body weight more than the other treatments compared.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH (pooled)
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with control (placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH), liraglutide in combination with metformin resulted in significant reductions in HbA1c, bodyweight, FPG, and PPG, and similar reductions in SBP, and DBP.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with T2DM who received the combination treatment of liraglutide and metformin.
    Summary · context
    A total of nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  3. 03HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a meta-analysis of nine trials in type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin reduced fasting plasma glucose more than the control treatments.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, adding liraglutide to metformin lowered fasting blood sugar more than the other treatments compared.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseFasting plasma glucose
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH (pooled)
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with control (placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH), liraglutide in combination with metformin resulted in significant reductions in HbA1c, bodyweight, FPG, and PPG, and similar reductions in SBP, and DBP.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with T2DM who received the combination treatment of liraglutide and metformin.
    Summary · context
    A total of nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  4. 04HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a meta-analysis of nine trials in type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin reduced postprandial plasma glucose more than the control treatments.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, adding liraglutide to metformin lowered blood sugar after meals more than the other treatments compared.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreasePostprandial plasma glucose
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH (pooled)
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with control (placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH), liraglutide in combination with metformin resulted in significant reductions in HbA1c, bodyweight, FPG, and PPG, and similar reductions in SBP, and DBP.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with T2DM who received the combination treatment of liraglutide and metformin.
    Summary · context
    A total of nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  5. 05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a meta-analysis of nine trials in type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin reduced systolic blood pressure to a similar degree as the control treatments.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin lowered systolic blood pressure about as much as the other treatments compared.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeSystolic blood pressure
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH (pooled)
    Outcome group
    Blood pressure · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with control (placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH), liraglutide in combination with metformin resulted in significant reductions in HbA1c, bodyweight, FPG, and PPG, and similar reductions in SBP, and DBP.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with T2DM who received the combination treatment of liraglutide and metformin.
    Summary · context
    A total of nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  6. 06HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In a meta-analysis of nine trials in type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin reduced diastolic blood pressure to a similar degree as the control treatments.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin lowered diastolic blood pressure about as much as the other treatments compared.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeDiastolic blood pressure
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH (pooled)
    Outcome group
    Blood pressure · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with control (placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH), liraglutide in combination with metformin resulted in significant reductions in HbA1c, bodyweight, FPG, and PPG, and similar reductions in SBP, and DBP.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with T2DM who received the combination treatment of liraglutide and metformin.
    Summary · context
    A total of nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  7. 07HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a meta-analysis of nine trials in type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin did not increase the risk of hypoglycemia.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, adding liraglutide to metformin did not raise the risk of low blood sugar in the trials pooled.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeHypoglycemia risk
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH (pooled)
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Moreover, liraglutide combined with metformin did not increase the risk of hypoglycemia, but induced a higher incidence of gastrointestinal disorders.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with T2DM who received the combination treatment of liraglutide and metformin.
    Summary · context
    A total of nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  8. 08HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In a meta-analysis of nine trials in type 2 diabetes, liraglutide added to metformin caused a higher incidence of gastrointestinal disorders.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, adding liraglutide to metformin caused more stomach and gut problems in the trials pooled.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseGastrointestinal disorders
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride, dulaglutide, insulin glargine, and NPH (pooled)
    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Moreover, liraglutide combined with metformin did not increase the risk of hypoglycemia, but induced a higher incidence of gastrointestinal disorders.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with T2DM who received the combination treatment of liraglutide and metformin.
    Summary · context
    A total of nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  2. Version 2

    12 Oct 2026, 12:10 UTC

    Study results updated

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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