Association of thymosin β4 expression with clinicopathological parameters and clinical outcomes of bladder cancer patients.

Wang ZY, Zhang W, Yang JJ, Song DK, Wei JX, Gao S

Neoplasma1 Jan 2016Cited by 2 (Europe PMC)

PMID27596300DOI10.4149/neo_2016_619PepBankPUB-27596300

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured9

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
Tβ4 protein expression was significantly stronger in bladder cancer tissue than in normal bladder tissue.
In plain wordsNatural Tβ4 levels were higher in bladder cancer tissue than in normal bladder tissue.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseTβ4 expression in bladder cancer versus normal bladder
Study
n = 162
Comparator
Normal volunteers
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 expression was significantly stronger in BTCC patients than in normal volunteers.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Tβ4 protein expression in 24 normal bladder and 138 primary BTCC tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the association of this expression with BTCC clinicopathological features and recurrence as well as patient survival was analyzed.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2759630001
02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In bladder cancer patients, Tβ4 expression was significantly associated with differentiation capability (P = 0.025).
In plain wordsIn bladder cancer patients, natural Tβ4 expression was linked to tumor differentiation.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Direction not reportedTβ4 expression and tumor differentiation
Study
n = 138
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
The expression of Tβ4 was significantly associated with differentiation capability, tumor stage and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.025, 0.043, and 0.039, respectively).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Tβ4 protein expression in 24 normal bladder and 138 primary BTCC tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the association of this expression with BTCC clinicopathological features and recurrence as well as patient survival was analyzed.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2759630002
03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In bladder cancer patients, Tβ4 expression was significantly associated with tumor stage (P = 0.043).
In plain wordsIn bladder cancer patients, natural Tβ4 expression was linked to tumor stage.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Direction not reportedTβ4 expression and tumor stage
Study
n = 138
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
The expression of Tβ4 was significantly associated with differentiation capability, tumor stage and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.025, 0.043, and 0.039, respectively).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Tβ4 protein expression in 24 normal bladder and 138 primary BTCC tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the association of this expression with BTCC clinicopathological features and recurrence as well as patient survival was analyzed.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2759630003
04HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In bladder cancer patients, Tβ4 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.039).
In plain wordsIn bladder cancer patients, natural Tβ4 expression was linked to spread to lymph nodes.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Direction not reportedTβ4 expression and lymph node metastasis
Study
n = 138
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
The expression of Tβ4 was significantly associated with differentiation capability, tumor stage and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.025, 0.043, and 0.039, respectively).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Tβ4 protein expression in 24 normal bladder and 138 primary BTCC tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the association of this expression with BTCC clinicopathological features and recurrence as well as patient survival was analyzed.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2759630004
05HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In bladder cancer tissue, Tβ4 expression was positively correlated with integrin-linked kinase expression (P = 0.042).
In plain wordsIn bladder cancer tissue, natural Tβ4 was linked to higher integrin-linked kinase.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseTβ4 correlation with ILK expression
Study
n = 138
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, Tβ4 expression was positively correlated with integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and β-catenin expression (P = 0.042, 0.031, respectively)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Tβ4 protein expression in 24 normal bladder and 138 primary BTCC tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the association of this expression with BTCC clinicopathological features and recurrence as well as patient survival was analyzed.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2759630005
06HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In bladder cancer tissue, Tβ4 expression was positively correlated with β-catenin expression (P = 0.031).
In plain wordsIn bladder cancer tissue, natural Tβ4 was linked to higher β-catenin.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseTβ4 correlation with β-catenin expression
Study
n = 138
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Moreover, Tβ4 expression was positively correlated with integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and β-catenin expression (P = 0.042, 0.031, respectively)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Tβ4 protein expression in 24 normal bladder and 138 primary BTCC tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the association of this expression with BTCC clinicopathological features and recurrence as well as patient survival was analyzed.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2759630006
07HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In bladder cancer tissue, Tβ4 expression was inversely correlated with E-cadherin expression (P = 0.022).
In plain wordsIn bladder cancer tissue, higher natural Tβ4 was linked to lower E-cadherin.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseTβ4 correlation with E-cadherin expression
Study
n = 138
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
and inversely correlated with E-cadherin expression (P = 0.022).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Tβ4 protein expression in 24 normal bladder and 138 primary BTCC tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the association of this expression with BTCC clinicopathological features and recurrence as well as patient survival was analyzed.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2759630007
08HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In bladder cancer patients, high Tβ4 expression predicted poor survival (P < 0.05) and patients with higher expression had shorter survival.
In plain wordsIn bladder cancer patients, higher natural Tβ4 was linked to shorter survival.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseSurvival of patients by Tβ4 expression
Study
n = 138
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
In the present cohort of bladder cancer patients, Tβ4 expression was found to be a predictor of poor survival (P < 0.05)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In addition, the patients with higher Tβ4 expression had a shorter survival.
Summary · context
Tβ4 protein expression in 24 normal bladder and 138 primary BTCC tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the association of this expression with BTCC clinicopathological features and recurrence as well as patient survival was analyzed.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2759630008
09HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In bladder cancer patients, high Tβ4 expression had unfavorable prognostic value for recurrence.
In plain wordsIn bladder cancer patients, higher natural Tβ4 was linked to a worse outlook for recurrence.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseRecurrence by Tβ4 expression
Study
n = 138
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
however, high Tβ4 expression exhibited unfavorable prognostic value for recurrence.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Tβ4 protein expression in 24 normal bladder and 138 primary BTCC tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the association of this expression with BTCC clinicopathological features and recurrence as well as patient survival was analyzed.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2759630009

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.