Effects of exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in the rat heart are mediated by P2 purine receptors.

Kuzmin VS, Pustovit KB, Abramochkin DV

Journal of biomedical science27 Jun 2016Cited by 14 (Europe PMC)

PMID27350532PMCIDPMC4924331DOI10.1186/s12929-016-0267-yPepBankPUB-27350532

Summary

BackgroundRecently, NAD+ has been considered as an essential factor, participating in nerve control of physiological functions and intercellular communication. NAD+ also has been supposed as endogenous activator of P1 and P2 purinoreceptors. Effects of extracellular NAD+ remain poorly investigated in cardiac tissue. This study aims to investigate the effects of extracellular NAD+ in different types of supraventricular and ventricular working myocardium from rat and their potential mechanisms.MethodsThe standard technique of sharp microelectrode action potential recording in cardiac multicellular preparations was used to study the effects of NAD+.ResultsExtracellular NAD+ induced significant changes in bioelectrical activity of left auricle (LA), right auricle (RA), pulmonary veins (PV) and right ventricular wall (RV) myocardial preparations. 10-100 μM NAD+ produced two opposite effects in LA and RA - quickly developing and transient prolongation of action potentials (AP) and delayed sustained AP shortening, which follows the initial positive effect. In PV and RV only AP shortening was observed in response to NAD+ application. In PV preparations AP shortening induced by NAD+ may be considered as a potential proarrhythmic effect. Revealed cardiotropic effects of NAD+ are likely to be mediated by P2 purine receptors, since P1 blocker DPCPX failed to affect them and P2 antagonist suramin abolished NAD + -induced alterations of electrical activity. P2X receptors may be responsible for NAD + -induced short-lasting AP prolongation, while P2Y receptors mediate persistent AP shortening. The latter effect is partially removed by PLC inhibitor U73122 showing the potential involvement of phosphoinositide signaling pathway in mediation of NAD+ cardiotropic effects.ConclusionsExtracellular NAD+ is supposed to be a novel regulator of cardiac electrical activity. P2 receptors represent the main target of NAD+ at least in the rat heart.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study7

4 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01LabEx vivo tissueActivity measurement
In rat left and right auricular preparations, NAD+ caused rapid transient action potential prolongation.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, NAD+ briefly prolonged action potentials in rat left and right auricular tissue.
Peptide
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
Outcome
IncreaseAuricular transient AP prolongation
Study
ratn: not reported in source
isolated myocardial preparations
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
10-100 μMAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
10-100 μM NAD+ produced two opposite effects in LA and RA - quickly developing and transient prolongation of action potentials (AP) and delayed sustained AP shortening, which follows the initial positive effect.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The standard technique of sharp microelectrode action potential recording in cardiac multicellular preparations was used to study the effects of NAD+.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2735053201
02LabEx vivo tissueActivity measurement
In rat left and right auricular preparations, NAD+ caused delayed sustained action potential shortening after initial prolongation.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, NAD+ shortened action potentials in rat auricular tissue after an initial brief prolongation.
Peptide
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
Outcome
DecreaseAuricular sustained AP shortening
Study
ratn: not reported in source
isolated myocardial preparations
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
10-100 μMAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
10-100 μM NAD+ produced two opposite effects in LA and RA - quickly developing and transient prolongation of action potentials (AP) and delayed sustained AP shortening, which follows the initial positive effect.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The standard technique of sharp microelectrode action potential recording in cardiac multicellular preparations was used to study the effects of NAD+.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2735053202
03LabEx vivo tissueActivity measurement
In rat pulmonary vein preparations, NAD+ application produced only action potential shortening.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, NAD+ shortened action potentials in rat pulmonary vein tissue.
Peptide
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
Outcome
DecreasePulmonary vein AP shortening
Study
ratn: not reported in source
isolated myocardial preparations
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In PV and RV only AP shortening was observed in response to NAD+ application.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The standard technique of sharp microelectrode action potential recording in cardiac multicellular preparations was used to study the effects of NAD+.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2735053203
04LabEx vivo tissueActivity measurement
In rat right ventricular preparations, NAD+ application produced only action potential shortening.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, NAD+ shortened action potentials in rat right ventricular tissue.
Peptide
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
Outcome
DecreaseRight ventricular AP shortening
Study
ratn: not reported in source
isolated myocardial preparations
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In PV and RV only AP shortening was observed in response to NAD+ application.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The standard technique of sharp microelectrode action potential recording in cardiac multicellular preparations was used to study the effects of NAD+.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2735053204

Studies that did not test the peptide alone3

In this study, NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).

05LabNot a test of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) aloneEx vivo tissueMechanism
In rat myocardial preparations, P1 blocker DPCPX did not affect NAD+-induced electrical effects.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, DPCPX did not change NAD+-induced electrical effects compared with NAD+ without DPCPX.
Peptide
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
Outcome
No significant changeP1 blockade of electrical effects
Study
ratn: not reported in source
isolated myocardial preparations
Comparator
NAD+ effects without DPCPX
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Revealed cardiotropic effects of NAD+ are likely to be mediated by P2 purine receptors, since P1 blocker DPCPX failed to affect them and P2 antagonist suramin abolished NAD + -induced alterations of electrical activity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The standard technique of sharp microelectrode action potential recording in cardiac multicellular preparations was used to study the effects of NAD+.
In this study, NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2735053205
06LabNot a test of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) aloneEx vivo tissueMechanism
In rat myocardial preparations, P2 antagonist suramin abolished NAD+-induced electrical alterations.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, suramin blocked NAD+-induced electrical changes compared with NAD+ without suramin.
Peptide
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
Outcome
DecreaseP2 blockade of electrical effects
Study
ratn: not reported in source
isolated myocardial preparations
Comparator
NAD+ effects without suramin
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Revealed cardiotropic effects of NAD+ are likely to be mediated by P2 purine receptors, since P1 blocker DPCPX failed to affect them and P2 antagonist suramin abolished NAD + -induced alterations of electrical activity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The standard technique of sharp microelectrode action potential recording in cardiac multicellular preparations was used to study the effects of NAD+.
In this study, NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2735053206
07LabNot a test of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) aloneEx vivo tissueMechanism
In rat myocardial preparations, PLC inhibitor U73122 partially removed NAD+-induced persistent action potential shortening.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, U73122 partly reduced NAD+-induced action potential shortening compared with NAD+ without U73122.
Peptide
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
Outcome
DecreasePLC inhibition of AP shortening
Study
ratn: not reported in source
isolated myocardial preparations
Comparator
NAD+ effects without U73122
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
The latter effect is partially removed by PLC inhibitor U73122 showing the potential involvement of phosphoinositide signaling pathway in mediation of NAD+ cardiotropic effects.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
P2X receptors may be responsible for NAD + -induced short-lasting AP prolongation, while P2Y receptors mediate persistent AP shortening.
Summary · context
The standard technique of sharp microelectrode action potential recording in cardiac multicellular preparations was used to study the effects of NAD+.
In this study, NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2735053207

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
14 Oct 2026, 05:02 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
14 Oct 2026, 01:46 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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