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Study · Randomized controlled trial · n = 20 · 2016

5 results

Short-term administration of the GLP-1 analog liraglutide decreases circulating leptin and increases GIP levels and these changes are associated with alterations in CNS responses to food cues: A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

Farr OM, Tsoukas MA, Triantafyllou G, Dincer F, Filippaios A, Ko BJ, Mantzoros CS

Metabolism: clinical and experimental18 Mar 2016Cited by 89 (Europe PMC)

PMID27282865 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC4902873 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.metabol.2016.03.009 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-27282865
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. 5 results from people.

  1. 01HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, 17 days of liraglutide increased GLP-1 levels versus placebo.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 levels were higher on liraglutide than on placebo after 17 days.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseCirculating GLP-1 levels
    Study

    n = 20

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Hormone levels · Endocrine and hormones
    Studied dose
    0.6 mg for 7days, 1.2 mg for 7days and 1.8 mg for 3days · 17daysAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Participants on liraglutide had significantly increased GLP-1 levels (p<0.001), decreased percent change in leptin levels (p<0.01) and increased GIP levels (p<0.03) in comparison to placebo treated subjects.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes, we examined the effects of liraglutide as compared to placebo on fasting levels of circulating hormones important to energy homeostasis, including leptin, ghrelin, PYY, and GIP.
    Summary · context
    After 17days (0.6mg for 7days, 1.2mg for 7days and 1.8mg for 3days) of treatment, we also studied changes in fMRI responses to food cues.
  2. 02HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, 17 days of liraglutide decreased the percent change in leptin levels versus placebo.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, leptin levels fell more on liraglutide than on placebo after 17 days.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreasePercent change in leptin levels
    Study

    n = 20

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Hormone levels · Endocrine and hormones
    Studied dose
    0.6 mg for 7days, 1.2 mg for 7days and 1.8 mg for 3days · 17daysAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Participants on liraglutide had significantly increased GLP-1 levels (p<0.001), decreased percent change in leptin levels (p<0.01) and increased GIP levels (p<0.03) in comparison to placebo treated subjects.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes, we examined the effects of liraglutide as compared to placebo on fasting levels of circulating hormones important to energy homeostasis, including leptin, ghrelin, PYY, and GIP.
    Summary · context
    After 17days (0.6mg for 7days, 1.2mg for 7days and 1.8mg for 3days) of treatment, we also studied changes in fMRI responses to food cues.
  3. 03HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, 17 days of liraglutide increased GIP levels versus placebo.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, GIP levels were higher on liraglutide than on placebo after 17 days.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseCirculating GIP levels
    Study

    n = 20

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Hormone levels · Endocrine and hormones
    Studied dose
    0.6 mg for 7days, 1.2 mg for 7days and 1.8 mg for 3days · 17daysAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Participants on liraglutide had significantly increased GLP-1 levels (p<0.001), decreased percent change in leptin levels (p<0.01) and increased GIP levels (p<0.03) in comparison to placebo treated subjects.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes, we examined the effects of liraglutide as compared to placebo on fasting levels of circulating hormones important to energy homeostasis, including leptin, ghrelin, PYY, and GIP.
    Summary · context
    After 17days (0.6mg for 7days, 1.2mg for 7days and 1.8mg for 3days) of treatment, we also studied changes in fMRI responses to food cues.
  4. 04HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In adults with type 2 diabetes in a liraglutide versus placebo crossover study, higher GIP levels were associated with deactivation of the insula in response to food cues.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes on liraglutide, higher GIP levels were linked to less activity in a reward-related brain area when seeing food.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseInsula response to food cues linked to GIP increase
    Study

    n = 20

    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    0.6 mg for 7days, 1.2 mg for 7days and 1.8 mg for 3days · 17daysAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Whole brain regressions of functional activity in response to food cues reveal that increased GIP levels were associated with deactivation of the attention- and reward-related insula.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes, we examined the effects of liraglutide as compared to placebo on fasting levels of circulating hormones important to energy homeostasis, including leptin, ghrelin, PYY, and GIP.
    Summary · context
    After 17days (0.6mg for 7days, 1.2mg for 7days and 1.8mg for 3days) of treatment, we also studied changes in fMRI responses to food cues.
  5. 05HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In adults with type 2 diabetes in a liraglutide versus placebo crossover study, lower leptin levels were associated with activation of some brain regions and deactivation of others in response to food cues.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes in a liraglutide study, lower leptin was linked to more activity in some brain areas, less in others.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    MixedBrain responses to food cues linked to leptin decrease
    Study

    n = 20

    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    0.6 mg for 7days, 1.2 mg for 7days and 1.8 mg for 3days · 17daysAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Decreases in leptin levels were associated with activations in the reward-related midbrain, precuneus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and sensorimotor-related motor cortex and with deactivations in the attention-related parietal cortex and the cognitive control-related thalamus and pre-SMA.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes, we examined the effects of liraglutide as compared to placebo on fasting levels of circulating hormones important to energy homeostasis, including leptin, ghrelin, PYY, and GIP.
    Summary · context
    After 17days (0.6mg for 7days, 1.2mg for 7days and 1.8mg for 3days) of treatment, we also studied changes in fMRI responses to food cues.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 12:10 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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