Role of thymosin beta 4 in hair growth.

Gao XY, Hou F, Zhang ZP, Nuo MT, Liang H, Cang M, Wang ZG, Wang X, Xu T, Yan LY, Guo XD, Liu DJ

Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG29 Apr 2016Cited by 14 (Europe PMC)

PMID27130465DOI10.1007/s00438-016-1207-yPepBankPUB-27130465

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone8

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

01AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In Tβ4 over-expressing and knockout mice, Tβ4 affected hair growth, the number of hair shafts and hair follicle structure; the abstract gives no direction.
In plain wordsIn mice, changing Tβ4 levels affected hair growth. The abstract does not state the direction.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Direction not reportedHair growth, hair shaft number and hair follicle structure
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing and global knockout mice
Outcome group
Skin and hair · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
By depilation and histological examination of the skin, we confirmed the effect of Tβ4 on hair growth, the number of hair shafts and hair follicle (HF) structure.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the levels of key genes in a Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse model and Tβ4 global knockout mouse model to explore how Tβ4 affects hair growth.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2713046501
02AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In mice, changes in β-catenin and Lef-1 expression were similar to the changes in Tβ4 expression.
In plain wordsIn mice, two hair-growth pathway proteins changed in step with Tβ4 levels.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableβ-catenin and Lef-1 expression
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing and global knockout mice
Outcome group
Skin and hair · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
Changes in the expression of β-catenin and Lef-1, the two key molecules in the Wnt signaling pathway, were similar to the changes observed in Tβ4 expression.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the levels of key genes in a Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse model and Tβ4 global knockout mouse model to explore how Tβ4 affects hair growth.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2713046502
03AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
MMP-2 mRNA and protein expression were increased in Tβ4 over-expressing mice compared with control mice.
In plain wordsIn mice with extra Tβ4, MMP-2 levels were higher than in control mice.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseMMP-2 in Tβ4 over-expressing mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse
Comparator
Control mice
Outcome group
Skin and hair · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
We also found that compared to the control mice, the mRNA and protein expression of MMP-2 and VEGF were increased in the Tβ4 over-expressing mice, while the level of E-cadherin (E-cad) remained the same.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the levels of key genes in a Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse model and Tβ4 global knockout mouse model to explore how Tβ4 affects hair growth.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2713046503
04AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
VEGF mRNA and protein expression were increased in Tβ4 over-expressing mice compared with control mice.
In plain wordsIn mice with extra Tβ4, VEGF levels were higher than in control mice.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseVEGF in Tβ4 over-expressing mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse
Comparator
Control mice
Outcome group
Skin and hair · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
We also found that compared to the control mice, the mRNA and protein expression of MMP-2 and VEGF were increased in the Tβ4 over-expressing mice, while the level of E-cadherin (E-cad) remained the same.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the levels of key genes in a Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse model and Tβ4 global knockout mouse model to explore how Tβ4 affects hair growth.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2713046504
05AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
E-cadherin level remained the same in Tβ4 over-expressing mice compared with control mice.
In plain wordsIn mice with extra Tβ4, E-cadherin levels did not change compared with control mice.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
No significant changeE-cadherin in Tβ4 over-expressing mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse
Comparator
Control mice
Outcome group
Skin and hair · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
We also found that compared to the control mice, the mRNA and protein expression of MMP-2 and VEGF were increased in the Tβ4 over-expressing mice, while the level of E-cadherin (E-cad) remained the same.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the levels of key genes in a Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse model and Tβ4 global knockout mouse model to explore how Tβ4 affects hair growth.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2713046505
06AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
MMP-2 mRNA and protein levels decreased dramatically in Tβ4 global knockout mice.
In plain wordsIn mice lacking Tβ4, MMP-2 levels dropped sharply.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseMMP-2 in Tβ4 global knockout mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Tβ4 global knockout mouse
Outcome group
Skin and hair · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
Further, in the Tβ4 global knockout mice, the mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2 and VEGF decreased dramatically and the level of E-cad was stable.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the levels of key genes in a Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse model and Tβ4 global knockout mouse model to explore how Tβ4 affects hair growth.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2713046506
07AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
VEGF mRNA and protein levels decreased dramatically in Tβ4 global knockout mice.
In plain wordsIn mice lacking Tβ4, VEGF levels dropped sharply.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseVEGF in Tβ4 global knockout mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Tβ4 global knockout mouse
Outcome group
Skin and hair · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
Further, in the Tβ4 global knockout mice, the mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2 and VEGF decreased dramatically and the level of E-cad was stable.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the levels of key genes in a Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse model and Tβ4 global knockout mouse model to explore how Tβ4 affects hair growth.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2713046507
08AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
E-cadherin level was stable in Tβ4 global knockout mice.
In plain wordsIn mice lacking Tβ4, E-cadherin levels stayed the same.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
No significant changeE-cadherin in Tβ4 global knockout mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Tβ4 global knockout mouse
Outcome group
Skin and hair · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
Further, in the Tβ4 global knockout mice, the mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2 and VEGF decreased dramatically and the level of E-cad was stable.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the levels of key genes in a Tβ4 epidermal-specific over-expressing mouse model and Tβ4 global knockout mouse model to explore how Tβ4 affects hair growth.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2713046508

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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