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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2016

7 results

A thymosin beta-4 is involved in production of hemocytes and immune defense of Hong Kong oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis.

Li J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Xiang Z, Qu F, Yu Z

Developmental and comparative immunology13 Dec 2015Cited by 13 (Europe PMC)

PMID26695126 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.dci.2015.12.007 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-26695126
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone7

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  1. 01AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In Hong Kong oysters, injection of recombinant oyster ChTβ4 protein significantly increased total hemocyte count.

    In plain wordsIn oysters, injecting the oyster version of Tβ4 raised the number of blood-like immune cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTotal hemocyte count after ChTβ4 injection
    Study

    Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis)n: not reported in source

    Oyster ChTβ4 homolog
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In vivo injection of recombinant ChTβ4 protein could significantly increase total hemocytes count in oysters

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  2. 02AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In Hong Kong oysters, knockdown of ChTβ4 expression significantly decreased circulating hemocytes.

    In plain wordsIn oysters, switching down the oyster version of Tβ4 lowered the number of circulating immune cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    DecreaseCirculating hemocytes after ChTβ4 knockdown
    Study

    Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis)n: not reported in source

    Oyster ChTβ4 homolog
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    knockdown of the expression of ChTβ4 resulted in a significant decrease in the circulating hemocytes

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  3. 03AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In Hong Kong oysters, ChTβ4 facilitated the clearance of injected bacteria.

    In plain wordsIn oysters, the oyster version of Tβ4 helped clear injected bacteria.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseBacteria clearance
    Study

    Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis)n: not reported in source

    Oyster ChTβ4 homolog
    Outcome group
    Infection and antimicrobial activity · Infection

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Moreover, bacteria-clearance experiment showed ChTβ4 could facilitate the clearance of injected bacteria in oysters.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  4. 04AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In Hong Kong oysters, injection of ChTβ4 reduced intracellular ROS in hemocytes.

    In plain wordsIn oysters, the oyster version of Tβ4 lowered reactive oxygen molecules inside immune cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    DecreaseIntracellular ROS in hemocytes
    Study

    Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis)n: not reported in source

    Oyster ChTβ4 homolog
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In vivo injection with ChTβ4 resulted in reduction of the intracellular ROS in hemocytes

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  5. 05AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In Hong Kong oysters, pre-treatment with ChTβ4 was associated with increased expression of the antioxidant enzymes Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase.

    In plain wordsIn oysters, pre-treatment with the oyster version of Tβ4 went with higher levels of antioxidant enzymes.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseAntioxidant enzyme expression (SOD, catalase, GPX)
    Study

    Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis)n: not reported in source

    Oyster ChTβ4 homolog
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    which was associated with increased expression of antioxidant enzymes Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase, and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) by pre-treatment with ChTβ4.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  6. 06AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In Hong Kong oysters, ChTβ4 transcripts were upregulated in response to bacterial challenge and tissue injury.

    In plain wordsIn oysters, the gene for the oyster version of Tβ4 became more active after bacterial challenge and tissue injury.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseChTβ4 transcripts after bacterial challenge and tissue injury
    Study

    Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis)n: not reported in source

    Oyster ChTβ4 homolog
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The upregulated transcripts of ChTβ4 in response to bacterial challenge and tissue injury

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  7. 07AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In Hong Kong oysters, ChTβ4 was present in all tissues, with the highest expression in hemocytes.

    In plain wordsIn oysters, the oyster version of Tβ4 was found in all tissues, most in immune cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableChTβ4 tissue distribution
    Study

    Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis)n: not reported in source

    Oyster ChTβ4 homolog
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tissue distribution analysis revealed a ubiquitous presence of ChTβ4, with the highest expression in hemocytes.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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