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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2016

3 results

Improvement of Transdermal Delivery of Exendin-4 Using Novel Tip-Loaded Microneedle Arrays Fabricated from Hyaluronic Acid.

Liu S, Wu D, Quan YS, Kamiyama F, Kusamori K, Katsumi H, Sakane T, Yamamoto A

Molecular pharmaceutics18 Dec 2015Cited by 46 (Europe PMC)

PMID26649921 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00765 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-26649921
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic GK/Slc rats, exendin‑4 microneedle arrays improved glucose tolerance comparably to subcutaneous exendin‑4.

    In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, exendin‑4 microneedle arrays improved glucose tolerance comparably to subcutaneous exendin‑4.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeGlucose tolerance
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats
    Comparator
    subcutaneous exendin-4
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · transdermal microneedle arraysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, glucose tolerance was improved and the insulin secretion was enhanced after application of exendin-4 tip-loaded microneedle arrays, and these effects were comparable to those after subcutaneous injection of exendin-4.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of exendin-4 tip-loaded microneedle arrays and to compare their acute efficacy with subcutaneous injections in type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats.
    Summary · context
    In addition, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests after application of exendin-4 tip-loaded microneedle arrays were also compared with those after subcutaneous injection in type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic GK/Slc rats, exendin‑4 microneedle arrays enhanced insulin secretion comparably to subcutaneous exendin‑4.

    In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, exendin‑4 microneedle arrays increased insulin secretion comparably to subcutaneous exendin‑4.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeInsulin secretion
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats
    Comparator
    subcutaneous exendin-4
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · transdermal microneedle arraysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, glucose tolerance was improved and the insulin secretion was enhanced after application of exendin-4 tip-loaded microneedle arrays, and these effects were comparable to those after subcutaneous injection of exendin-4.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of exendin-4 tip-loaded microneedle arrays and to compare their acute efficacy with subcutaneous injections in type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats.
    Summary · context
    In addition, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests after application of exendin-4 tip-loaded microneedle arrays were also compared with those after subcutaneous injection in type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In diabetic GK/Slc rats, exendin‑4 microneedle arrays produced plasma concentration profiles similar to subcutaneous injection.

    In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, exendin‑4 microneedle arrays produced blood concentration profiles similar to subcutaneous exendin‑4.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changePlasma concentration profiles
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats
    Comparator
    subcutaneous exendin-4
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · transdermal microneedle arraysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Similar plasma concentration profiles were seen after application of exendin-4 tip-loaded microneedle arrays, as was the case with subcutaneous injection in type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of exendin-4 tip-loaded microneedle arrays and to compare their acute efficacy with subcutaneous injections in type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats.
    Summary · context
    In addition, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests after application of exendin-4 tip-loaded microneedle arrays were also compared with those after subcutaneous injection in type 2 diabetic GK/Slc rats.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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