Exenatide in obesity with accelerated gastric emptying: a randomized, pharmacodynamics study.

Acosta A, Camilleri M, Burton D, O'Neill J, Eckert D, Carlson P, Zinsmeister AR

Physiological reports1 Nov 2015Cited by 65 (Europe PMC)

PMID26542264PMCIDPMC4632965DOI10.14814/phy2.12610PepBankPUB-26542264

Summary

Obesity is associated with differences in satiety, gastric emptying (GE), gastric volume, and psychological traits. Exenatide, a short-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, is associated with variable weight loss. We compared the effects of exenatide, 5 μg, and placebo SQ, twice daily for 30 days on GE of solids and liquids (scintigraphy), satiety (ad libitum buffet meal), satiation (nutrient drink test, maximum tolerated volume [MTV]), and weight loss in 20 participants with documented accelerated GE of solids (T1/2 < 90 min). Exenatide delayed GE of solids (T1/2 [Δ] 86 min relative to placebo, P < 0.001) and reduced calorie intake at buffet meal ([Δ] 129 kcal compared to placebo). Median weight loss was -0.95 kg (IQR -0.7 to -2.1) for exenatide and -0.55 kg (0.3 to -2.1) for placebo (P = 0.23); 80% of exenatide group had documented reduction in weight. In the exenatide treatment group, there was an inverse correlation between gastric emptying T1/2 and MTV (R = -0.548, P = 0.089). The univariate association of weight change with posttreatment MTV was borderline (Rs = 0.43, P = 0.06); in the multiple regression model, posttreatment MTV was associated with weight change (P = 0.047). The effect of the short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist, exenatide, on GE is associated with the change in food intake, and the latter impacts weight loss in response to exenatide treatment.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study7

4 results from studies that gave the peptide. 4 results from people.

01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In obesity with accelerated gastric emptying, exenatide delayed solid gastric emptying compared with placebo.
In plain wordsIn obesity with rapid stomach emptying, exenatide slowed solid food emptying compared with placebo.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
IncreaseSolid gastric emptying half-time
Study
n = 20
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Appetite and food intake · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
5 μg twice daily · subcutaneous · 30 daysAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Gastric emptying half-time difference
86 min
relative to placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Exenatide delayed GE of solids (T1/2 [Δ] 86 min relative to placebo, P < 0.001) and reduced calorie intake at buffet meal ([Δ] 129 kcal compared to placebo).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We compared the effects of exenatide, 5 μg, and placebo SQ, twice daily for 30 days on GE of solids and liquids (scintigraphy), satiety (ad libitum buffet meal), satiation (nutrient drink test, maximum tolerated volume [MTV]), and weight loss in 20 participants with documented accelerated GE of solids (T1/2 < 90 min).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2654226401
02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In obesity with accelerated gastric emptying, exenatide reduced buffet calorie intake compared with placebo.
In plain wordsIn obesity with rapid stomach emptying, exenatide reduced buffet calorie intake compared with placebo.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseBuffet calorie intake
Study
n = 20
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 μg twice daily · subcutaneous · 30 daysAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Calorie intake reduction
129 kcal
compared to placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Exenatide delayed GE of solids (T1/2 [Δ] 86 min relative to placebo, P < 0.001) and reduced calorie intake at buffet meal ([Δ] 129 kcal compared to placebo).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We compared the effects of exenatide, 5 μg, and placebo SQ, twice daily for 30 days on GE of solids and liquids (scintigraphy), satiety (ad libitum buffet meal), satiation (nutrient drink test, maximum tolerated volume [MTV]), and weight loss in 20 participants with documented accelerated GE of solids (T1/2 < 90 min).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2654226402
03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In obesity with accelerated gastric emptying, weight loss did not differ significantly between exenatide and placebo.
In plain wordsIn obesity with rapid stomach emptying, weight loss did not differ significantly between exenatide and placebo.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
No significant changeWeight loss
Study
n = 20
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 μg twice daily · subcutaneous · 30 daysAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Median weight change
−0.95 kg
exenatide
Median weight change
−0.55 kg
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Median weight loss was -0.95 kg (IQR -0.7 to -2.1) for exenatide and -0.55 kg (0.3 to -2.1) for placebo (P = 0.23); 80% of exenatide group had documented reduction in weight.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We compared the effects of exenatide, 5 μg, and placebo SQ, twice daily for 30 days on GE of solids and liquids (scintigraphy), satiety (ad libitum buffet meal), satiation (nutrient drink test, maximum tolerated volume [MTV]), and weight loss in 20 participants with documented accelerated GE of solids (T1/2 < 90 min).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2654226403
04HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism
In exenatide-treated participants with obesity, gastric emptying half-time and maximum tolerated volume had a nonsignificant inverse correlation.
In plain wordsIn exenatide-treated participants with obesity, stomach emptying time and maximum tolerated drink volume had a nonsignificant inverse link.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
No significant changeGastric emptying and maximum tolerated volume correlation
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 μg twice daily · subcutaneous · 30 daysAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Correlation coefficient
−0.548 R
gastric emptying half-time versus MTV
Source sentences
Summary
In the exenatide treatment group, there was an inverse correlation between gastric emptying T1/2 and MTV (R = -0.548, P = 0.089).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We compared the effects of exenatide, 5 μg, and placebo SQ, twice daily for 30 days on GE of solids and liquids (scintigraphy), satiety (ad libitum buffet meal), satiation (nutrient drink test, maximum tolerated volume [MTV]), and weight loss in 20 participants with documented accelerated GE of solids (T1/2 < 90 min).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2654226405

Studies that did not test the peptide alone3

In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

05HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In obesity with accelerated gastric emptying, 80% of the exenatide group had documented weight reduction, and the placebo group also lost weight.
In plain wordsIn obesity with rapid stomach emptying, 80% of the exenatide group lost weight, and the placebo group also lost weight.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseWeight reduction responder proportion
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Weight reduction responders
80%
exenatide group
Source sentences
Summary
Median weight loss was -0.95 kg (IQR -0.7 to -2.1) for exenatide and -0.55 kg (0.3 to -2.1) for placebo (P = 0.23); 80% of exenatide group had documented reduction in weight.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We compared the effects of exenatide, 5 μg, and placebo SQ, twice daily for 30 days on GE of solids and liquids (scintigraphy), satiety (ad libitum buffet meal), satiation (nutrient drink test, maximum tolerated volume [MTV]), and weight loss in 20 participants with documented accelerated GE of solids (T1/2 < 90 min).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2654226404
06HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialMechanism
In the obesity study, weight change had a borderline univariate association with post-treatment maximum tolerated volume.
In plain wordsIn the obesity study, weight change had a borderline link with maximum tolerated drink volume in univariate analysis.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
No significant changeUnivariate weight change and maximum tolerated volume association
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Correlation coefficient
0.43 Rs
weight change versus posttreatment MTV
Source sentences
Summary
The univariate association of weight change with posttreatment MTV was borderline (Rs = 0.43, P = 0.06);
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We compared the effects of exenatide, 5 μg, and placebo SQ, twice daily for 30 days on GE of solids and liquids (scintigraphy), satiety (ad libitum buffet meal), satiation (nutrient drink test, maximum tolerated volume [MTV]), and weight loss in 20 participants with documented accelerated GE of solids (T1/2 < 90 min).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2654226406
07HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialMechanism
In the obesity study, post-treatment maximum tolerated volume was associated with weight change in multiple regression.
In plain wordsIn the obesity study, maximum tolerated drink volume was linked to weight change after statistical adjustment.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
Not applicableAdjusted weight change and maximum tolerated volume association
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
in the multiple regression model, posttreatment MTV was associated with weight change (P = 0.047).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We compared the effects of exenatide, 5 μg, and placebo SQ, twice daily for 30 days on GE of solids and liquids (scintigraphy), satiety (ad libitum buffet meal), satiation (nutrient drink test, maximum tolerated volume [MTV]), and weight loss in 20 participants with documented accelerated GE of solids (T1/2 < 90 min).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2654226407

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · 1 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 4Results postedNCT02160990

Effect of Exenatide in Obese Patients With Accelerated Gastric Emptying

Mayo Clinicn = 20Jun 2014 to Mar 2015

Obesity

Trial page ClinicalTrials.govUpdated 9 Aug 2016

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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Keywords

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