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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2015

3 results

Molecular anatomy of ascending aorta in atherosclerosis by MS Imaging: Specific lipid and protein patterns reflect pathology.

Martin-Lorenzo M, Balluff B, Maroto AS, Carreira RJ, van Zeijl RJ, Gonzalez-Calero L, de la Cuesta F, Barderas MG, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Padial LR, McDonnell LA, Vivanco F, Alvarez-Llamas G

Journal of proteomics12 Jun 2015Cited by 31 (Europe PMC)

PMID26079611 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.jprot.2015.06.005 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-26079611
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In aortas of rabbits with early atherosclerosis, the animals' own thymosin β4 protein was upregulated in the intima versus the media layer.

    In plain wordsIn rabbits, the body's own Tβ4 was higher in the inner aortic layer than in the middle layer.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTβ4 (TMSB4X) in intima versus media
    Study

    rabbitn: not reported in source

    rabbit model of early atherosclerosis, aortic tissue
    Comparator
    Control aortas
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymosin β4 (TMSB4X) protein was upregulated in intima versus media layer
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A rabbit model of early atherosclerosis was developed and high-spatial-resolution MALDI-MSI was applied to comparatively analyze histologically-based arterial regions of interest from control and early atherosclerotic aortas.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In aortas of rabbits with early atherosclerosis, the animals' own thymosin β4 protein was upregulated in response to atherosclerosis.

    In plain wordsIn rabbits, the body's own Tβ4 rose in aortas with early atherosclerosis compared with control aortas.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTβ4 (TMSB4X) response to atherosclerosis
    Study

    rabbitn: not reported in source

    rabbit model of early atherosclerosis, aortic tissue
    Comparator
    Control aortas
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymosin β4 (TMSB4X) protein was upregulated in intima versus media layer and also in response to atherosclerosis
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A rabbit model of early atherosclerosis was developed and high-spatial-resolution MALDI-MSI was applied to comparatively analyze histologically-based arterial regions of interest from control and early atherosclerotic aortas.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03LabEndogenous levelEx vivo tissueMechanism

    In human aorta tissue, the overexpression and localization of thymosin β4 seen in the rabbit model were confirmed.

    In plain wordsIn human aorta tissue, the body's own Tβ4 showed the same rise and location as in rabbits.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTβ4 overexpression and localization in human aortas
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    human aorta tissue
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    This overexpression and localization was confirmed in human aortas.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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