Counter-regulatory hormone responses to hypoglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes after 4 weeks of treatment with liraglutide adjunct to insulin: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial.

Pieber TR, Deller S, Korsatko S, Jensen L, Christiansen E, Madsen J, Heller SR

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism20 May 2015Cited by 39 (Europe PMC)

PMID25855340DOI10.1111/dom.12473PepBankPUB-25855340

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study10

10 results from studies that gave the peptide. 10 results from people.

01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, glucagon concentration at nadir plasma glucose with liraglutide 1.8 mg did not differ significantly from placebo (P = 0.092).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, glucagon during low blood sugar with liraglutide 1.8 mg was not significantly different from placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeGlucagon at nadir plasma glucose
Study
n = 16
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
1.8 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucagon at nadir glucose
28.4 pg/ml
liraglutide 1.8 mg
Glucagon at nadir glucose
37.5 pg/ml
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon concentration at nadir plasma glucose was modest, trending towards lower concentrations at increasing liraglutide dose versus placebo: 34.7 versus 38.1 pg/ml, p = 0.555 (0.6 mg); 28.8 versus 37.2 pg/ml, p = 0.126 (1.2 mg); and 28.4 versus 37.5 pg/ml, p = 0.092 (1.8 mg).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The main outcome measure was glucagon concentration at nadir plasma glucose (2.5 mmol/l).
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534003
02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, glucagon concentration at nadir plasma glucose with liraglutide 0.6 mg did not differ significantly from placebo (P = 0.555).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, glucagon during low blood sugar with liraglutide 0.6 mg was not significantly different from placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeGlucagon at nadir plasma glucose
Study
n = 15
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
0.6 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucagon at nadir glucose
34.7 pg/ml
liraglutide 0.6 mg
Glucagon at nadir glucose
38.1 pg/ml
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon concentration at nadir plasma glucose was modest, trending towards lower concentrations at increasing liraglutide dose versus placebo: 34.7 versus 38.1 pg/ml, p = 0.555 (0.6 mg); 28.8 versus 37.2 pg/ml, p = 0.126 (1.2 mg); and 28.4 versus 37.5 pg/ml, p = 0.092 (1.8 mg).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The main outcome measure was glucagon concentration at nadir plasma glucose (2.5 mmol/l).
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534001
03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, glucagon concentration at nadir plasma glucose with liraglutide 1.2 mg did not differ significantly from placebo (P = 0.126).
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, glucagon during low blood sugar with liraglutide 1.2 mg was not significantly different from placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeGlucagon at nadir plasma glucose
Study
n = 14
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Primary
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
1.2 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucagon at nadir glucose
28.8 pg/ml
liraglutide 1.2 mg
Glucagon at nadir glucose
37.2 pg/ml
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon concentration at nadir plasma glucose was modest, trending towards lower concentrations at increasing liraglutide dose versus placebo: 34.7 versus 38.1 pg/ml, p = 0.555 (0.6 mg); 28.8 versus 37.2 pg/ml, p = 0.126 (1.2 mg); and 28.4 versus 37.5 pg/ml, p = 0.092 (1.8 mg).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The main outcome measure was glucagon concentration at nadir plasma glucose (2.5 mmol/l).
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534002
04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, the incremental change in glucagon during hypoglycaemia did not differ between liraglutide and placebo.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, the rise in glucagon during low blood sugar was no different with liraglutide than with placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeIncremental change in glucagon during hypoglycaemia
Study
n = 45
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
There was no difference, however, between liraglutide and placebo in incremental change in glucagon during hypoglycaemia.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
All participants were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534004
05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, other counter-regulatory hormone levels increased during hypoglycaemia with no systematic differences between liraglutide and placebo.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, other stress hormones rose during low blood sugar with no systematic difference between liraglutide and placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeOther counter-regulatory hormones during hypoglycaemia
Study
n = 45
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Other counter-regulatory hormone levels increased during hypoglycaemia with no systematic differences between groups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
All participants were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534005
06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, glucose infusion rates during the hypoglycaemic clamp were significantly lower with liraglutide than with placebo.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, less glucose infusion was needed during the clamp with liraglutide than with placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseGlucose infusion rate during the clamp
Study
n = 45
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Glucose infusion rates were significantly lower with liraglutide versus placebo during the clamp.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
All participants were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534006
07HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, HbA1c remained unchanged after 4 weeks in both the liraglutide and placebo groups.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, HbA1c stayed unchanged after 4 weeks in both the liraglutide and placebo groups.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
No significant changeHbA1c after 4 weeks
Study
n = 45
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
After 4 weeks' treatment, HbA1c remained unchanged in the liraglutide and placebo groups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
All participants were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534007
08HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, insulin dose fell more with liraglutide than with placebo.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, insulin dose fell more with liraglutide than with placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseInsulin dose reduction
Study
n = 45
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Greater reductions in insulin dose and body weight were seen with liraglutide versus placebo.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
All participants were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534008
09HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, body weight fell more with liraglutide than with placebo.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, body weight fell more with liraglutide than with placebo.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBody weight reduction
Study
n = 45
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Greater reductions in insulin dose and body weight were seen with liraglutide versus placebo.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
All participants were included in the analysis.
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534009
10HumanRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
In adults with type 1 diabetes, five participants were withdrawn from the crossover trial, three because of adverse events; the abstract does not give the treatment arm.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 1 diabetes, five of 45 participants left the trial, three because of side effects; the abstract does not say which treatment.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
Direction not reportedWithdrawals and withdrawals due to adverse events
Study
n = 45
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Studied dose
0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 mg once daily · 4 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Five participants were withdrawn from the trial; three because of adverse events.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
underwent a hypoglycaemic clamp after 4 weeks' crossover treatment with once-daily liraglutide/placebo added to insulin in one of three liraglutide dose groups: 0.6 mg (n = 15); 1.2 mg (n = 14); and 1.8 mg (n = 16).
Report a problemFND-2585534010

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 1NCT01536665

The Effect of Liraglutide Adjunct to Insulin on Glucagon Response to Hypoglycaemia in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes

Novo Nordisk A/Sn = 45Feb 2012 to Aug 2012

Diabetes · Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Trial page ClinicalTrials.govUpdated 8 Feb 2017

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
12 Oct 2026, 12:10 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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Counter-regulatory hormone responses to hypoglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes after 4 weeks of treatment with liraglutide adjunct to insulin: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial.

Summary

Results from this study10

Registered trials1

The Effect of Liraglutide Adjunct to Insulin on Glucagon Response to Hypoglycaemia in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms

Keywords