The GLP-1 analogue exenatide improves hepatic and muscle insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats: tracer studies in the basal state and during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp.

Wu H, Sui C, Xu H, Xia F, Zhai H, Zhang H, Weng P, Han B, Du S, Lu Y

Journal of diabetes research16 Nov 2014Cited by 19 (Europe PMC)

PMID25580440PMCIDPMC4279913DOI10.1155/2014/524517PepBankPUB-25580440

Summary

ObjectiveGlucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues (e.g., exenatide) increase insulin secretion in diabetes but less is known about their effects on glucose production or insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in peripheral tissues.MethodsFour groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: nondiabetic (control, C); nondiabetic + exenatide (C + E); diabetic (D); diabetic + exenatide (D + E) with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and high fat diet. Infusion of 3-(3)H-glucose and U-(13)C-glycerol was used to measure basal rates of appearance (Ra) of glucose and glycerol and gluconeogenesis from glycerol (GNG). During hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, glucose uptake into gastrocnemius muscles was measured with 2-deoxy-D-(14)C-glucose.ResultsIn the diabetic rats, exenatide reduced the basal Ra of glucose (P < 0.01) and glycerol (P < 0.01) and GNG (P < 0.001). During the clamp, Ra of glucose was also reduced, whereas the rate of disappearance of glucose increased and there was increased glucose uptake into muscle (P < 0.01) during the clamp. In the nondiabetic rats, exenatide had no effect.ConclusionIn addition to its known effects on insulin secretion, administration of the GLP-1 analogue, exenatide, is associated with increased inhibition of gluconeogenesis and improved glucose uptake into muscle in diabetic rats, implying improved hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study7

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, exenatide reduced basal glucose appearance.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, exenatide reduced basal glucose appearance compared with untreated diabetic rats.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseBasal glucose appearance
Study
Sprague-Dawley ratsn: not reported in source
Streptozotocin and high-fat diet diabetes
Comparator
Diabetic rats without exenatide
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In the diabetic rats, exenatide reduced the basal Ra of glucose (P < 0.01) and glycerol (P < 0.01) and GNG (P < 0.001).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: nondiabetic (control, C); nondiabetic + exenatide (C + E); diabetic (D); diabetic + exenatide (D + E) with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and high fat diet.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2558044001
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, exenatide reduced basal glycerol appearance.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, exenatide reduced basal glycerol appearance compared with untreated diabetic rats.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseBasal glycerol appearance
Study
Sprague-Dawley ratsn: not reported in source
Streptozotocin and high-fat diet diabetes
Comparator
Diabetic rats without exenatide
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In the diabetic rats, exenatide reduced the basal Ra of glucose (P < 0.01) and glycerol (P < 0.01) and GNG (P < 0.001).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: nondiabetic (control, C); nondiabetic + exenatide (C + E); diabetic (D); diabetic + exenatide (D + E) with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and high fat diet.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2558044002
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, exenatide reduced gluconeogenesis from glycerol.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, exenatide reduced glucose production from glycerol compared with untreated diabetic rats.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseGluconeogenesis from glycerol
Study
Sprague-Dawley ratsn: not reported in source
Streptozotocin and high-fat diet diabetes
Comparator
Diabetic rats without exenatide
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In the diabetic rats, exenatide reduced the basal Ra of glucose (P < 0.01) and glycerol (P < 0.01) and GNG (P < 0.001).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: nondiabetic (control, C); nondiabetic + exenatide (C + E); diabetic (D); diabetic + exenatide (D + E) with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and high fat diet.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2558044003
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, exenatide reduced glucose appearance during the clamp.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, exenatide reduced glucose appearance during the clamp compared with untreated diabetic rats.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseClamp glucose appearance
Study
Sprague-Dawley ratsn: not reported in source
Streptozotocin and high-fat diet diabetes
Comparator
Diabetic rats without exenatide
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
During the clamp, Ra of glucose was also reduced, whereas the rate of disappearance of glucose increased and there was increased glucose uptake into muscle (P < 0.01) during the clamp.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: nondiabetic (control, C); nondiabetic + exenatide (C + E); diabetic (D); diabetic + exenatide (D + E) with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and high fat diet.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2558044004
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, exenatide increased glucose disappearance during the clamp.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, exenatide increased glucose disappearance during the clamp compared with untreated diabetic rats.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
IncreaseClamp glucose disappearance
Study
Sprague-Dawley ratsn: not reported in source
Streptozotocin and high-fat diet diabetes
Comparator
Diabetic rats without exenatide
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
During the clamp, Ra of glucose was also reduced, whereas the rate of disappearance of glucose increased and there was increased glucose uptake into muscle (P < 0.01) during the clamp.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: nondiabetic (control, C); nondiabetic + exenatide (C + E); diabetic (D); diabetic + exenatide (D + E) with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and high fat diet.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2558044005
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, exenatide increased muscle glucose uptake during the clamp.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, exenatide increased muscle glucose uptake compared with untreated diabetic rats.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
IncreaseMuscle glucose uptake
Study
Sprague-Dawley ratsn: not reported in source
Streptozotocin and high-fat diet diabetes
Comparator
Diabetic rats without exenatide
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
During the clamp, Ra of glucose was also reduced, whereas the rate of disappearance of glucose increased and there was increased glucose uptake into muscle (P < 0.01) during the clamp.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: nondiabetic (control, C); nondiabetic + exenatide (C + E); diabetic (D); diabetic + exenatide (D + E) with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and high fat diet.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2558044006
07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In nondiabetic rats, exenatide had no effect on the assessed metabolism.
In plain wordsIn nondiabetic rats, exenatide had no effect compared with untreated nondiabetic rats.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
No significant changeMetabolic response in nondiabetic rats
Study
Sprague-Dawley ratsn: not reported in source
Nondiabetic rats
Comparator
Nondiabetic rats without exenatide
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In the nondiabetic rats, exenatide had no effect.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: nondiabetic (control, C); nondiabetic + exenatide (C + E); diabetic (D); diabetic + exenatide (D + E) with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and high fat diet.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-2558044007

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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