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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2014

4 results

Thymosin beta 4 and thymosin beta 10 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Theunissen W, Fanni D, Nemolato S, Di Felice E, Cabras T, Gerosa C, Van Eyken P, Messana I, Castagnola M, Faa G

European journal of histochemistry : EJH11 Mar 2014Cited by 19 (Europe PMC)

PMID24704991 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3980204 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.4081/ejh.2014.2242 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-24704991
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured4

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In liver samples from 23 subjects with hepatocellular carcinoma, immunoreactivity for the body's own Tβ4 was detected in the liver parenchyma around the tumour.

    In plain wordsIn liver samples from people with liver cancer, the body's own Tβ4 was detected in the liver tissue around the tumour.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTβ4 immunoreactivity in surrounding liver parenchyma
    Study

    n = 23

    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Immunoreactivity for Tβ4 and Tβ10 was detected in the liver parenchyma of the surrounding tumor area.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    To this end, the expression pattern of both peptides was analyzed in liver samples obtained from 23 subjects diagnosed with HCC.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In liver samples from 23 subjects with hepatocellular carcinoma, Tβ4 reactivity was detected in 7 of 23 cases (30%).

    In plain wordsIn liver samples from 23 people with liver cancer, the body's own Tβ4 was detected in 7 cases.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTβ4 reactivity in HCC cases
    Study

    n = 23

    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Cancer

    Measurements

    Tβ4-reactive HCC cases
    30%
    HCC, 7/23 cases

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Regarding HCC, Tβ4 reactivity was detected in 7/23 cases (30%)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    To this end, the expression pattern of both peptides was analyzed in liver samples obtained from 23 subjects diagnosed with HCC.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In hepatocellular carcinoma samples, Tβ4 was completely absent in tumour cells undergoing stromal invasion.

    In plain wordsIn liver cancer samples, the body's own Tβ4 was absent in tumour cells that were invading the surrounding tissue.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTβ4 in tumour cells infiltrating surrounding liver
    Study

    n = 23

    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    was Tβ4 completely absent in cells undergoing stromal invasion.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    To this end, the expression pattern of both peptides was analyzed in liver samples obtained from 23 subjects diagnosed with HCC.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  4. 04HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In liver samples from 23 subjects with hepatocellular carcinoma, granular reactivity for the body's own Tβ4 increased from periportal to periterminal hepatocytes.

    In plain wordsIn liver samples from people with liver cancer, staining for the body's own Tβ4 increased from the portal side to the terminal side.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTβ4 reactivity gradient across hepatocyte zones
    Study

    n = 23

    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Both peptides showed an increase in granular reactivity from the periportal to the periterminal hepatocytes.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    To this end, the expression pattern of both peptides was analyzed in liver samples obtained from 23 subjects diagnosed with HCC.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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