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Study · Randomized controlled trial · 2014

13 results

Addition of exenatide BID to insulin glargine: a post-hoc analysis of the effect on glycemia and weight across a range of insulin titration.

Buse JB, Han J, Miller S, MacConell L, Pencek R, Wintle M

Current medical research and opinion18 Mar 2014Cited by 5 (Europe PMC)

PMID24621255 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1185/03007995.2014.896329 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-24621255
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
Jump to 13 results

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study13

13 results from studies that gave the peptide. 13 results from people.

  1. 01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, exenatide improved HbA1c more than placebo in insulin titration T1, without stated statistical significance.

    In plain wordsExenatide improved HbA1c more than placebo in the lowest insulin titration tertile, without stated statistical significance.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c improvement, T1
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Greater improvements in HbA1c were demonstrated with exenatide BID versus placebo in all tertiles (statistically significant in T2 and T3).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  2. 02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, exenatide significantly improved HbA1c more than placebo in insulin titration T2.

    In plain wordsExenatide improved HbA1c more than placebo in the middle insulin titration tertile.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c improvement, T2
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Greater improvements in HbA1c were demonstrated with exenatide BID versus placebo in all tertiles (statistically significant in T2 and T3).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  3. 03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, exenatide significantly improved HbA1c more than placebo in insulin titration T3.

    In plain wordsExenatide improved HbA1c more than placebo in the highest insulin titration tertile.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c improvement, T3
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Greater improvements in HbA1c were demonstrated with exenatide BID versus placebo in all tertiles (statistically significant in T2 and T3).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  4. 04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes T1, HbA1c target attainment was 44% with exenatide versus 29% with placebo, without statistical significance.

    In plain wordsIn the lowest titration tertile, HbA1c target attainment did not differ significantly between exenatide and placebo.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeHbA1c below 7.0%, T1
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Subjects achieving HbA1c < 7.0%, T1
    44%
    exenatide BID
    Subjects achieving HbA1c < 7.0%, T1
    29%
    placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    With exenatide BID, more subjects achieved HbA(1c) <7.0% vs. placebo: T1, 44% vs. 29% (P = not significant); T2, 65% vs. 26%; T3, 54% vs. 29% (P < 0.05 for T2 and T3).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  5. 05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes T2, HbA1c target attainment was 65% with exenatide versus 26% with placebo.

    In plain wordsIn the middle titration tertile, more patients reached the HbA1c target with exenatide than placebo.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseHbA1c below 7.0%, T2
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Subjects achieving HbA1c < 7.0%, T2
    65%
    exenatide BID
    Subjects achieving HbA1c < 7.0%, T2
    26%
    placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    With exenatide BID, more subjects achieved HbA(1c) <7.0% vs. placebo: T1, 44% vs. 29% (P = not significant); T2, 65% vs. 26%; T3, 54% vs. 29% (P < 0.05 for T2 and T3).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  6. 06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes T3, HbA1c target attainment was 54% with exenatide versus 29% with placebo.

    In plain wordsIn the highest titration tertile, more patients reached the HbA1c target with exenatide than placebo.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseHbA1c below 7.0%, T3
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Subjects reaching HbA1c <7.0%
    54%
    exenatide BID, tertile T3
    Subjects reaching HbA1c <7.0%
    29%
    placebo, tertile T3

    Source sentences

    Summary
    With exenatide BID, more subjects achieved HbA(1c) <7.0% vs. placebo: T1, 44% vs. 29% (P = not significant); T2, 65% vs. 26%; T3, 54% vs. 29% (P < 0.05 for T2 and T3).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  7. 07HumanRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, hypoglycemia incidence was numerically lower with exenatide than placebo in all insulin titration tertiles.

    In plain wordsLow blood sugar occurred numerically less often with exenatide than placebo in all insulin titration tertiles.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeHypoglycemia across tertiles
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Incidence of hypoglycemia was numerically lower with exenatide BID in all tertiles.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  8. 08HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes T1, exenatide produced significantly greater weight loss than placebo.

    In plain wordsIn the lowest titration tertile, patients lost more weight with exenatide than placebo.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseWeight loss, T1
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Adjunctive exenatide BID was associated with statistically significantly greater weight loss (T1, T2) or mitigation of weight gain (T3) compared with placebo.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  9. 09HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes T2, exenatide produced significantly greater weight loss than placebo.

    In plain wordsIn the middle titration tertile, patients lost more weight with exenatide than placebo.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseWeight loss, T2
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Adjunctive exenatide BID was associated with statistically significantly greater weight loss (T1, T2) or mitigation of weight gain (T3) compared with placebo.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  10. 10HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes T3, exenatide significantly mitigated weight gain compared with placebo.

    In plain wordsIn the highest titration tertile, patients gained less weight with exenatide than placebo.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseWeight gain mitigation, T3
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Adjunctive exenatide BID was associated with statistically significantly greater weight loss (T1, T2) or mitigation of weight gain (T3) compared with placebo.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  11. 11HumanRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, nausea occurred in 42% with exenatide versus 8% with placebo, without variation by tertile.

    In plain wordsNausea occurred more often with exenatide than placebo, without variation by insulin titration tertile.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseNausea
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Nausea incidence
    42%
    exenatide BID
    Nausea incidence
    8%
    placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Rates of nausea (42% vs. 8%), diarrhea (18% vs. 7%), and vomiting (18% vs. 4%) were higher with exenatide BID than with placebo and did not vary by tertile.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  12. 12HumanRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, diarrhea occurred in 18% with exenatide versus 7% with placebo, without variation by tertile.

    In plain wordsDiarrhea occurred more often with exenatide than placebo, without variation by insulin titration tertile.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseDiarrhea
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Diarrhea incidence
    18%
    exenatide BID
    Diarrhea incidence
    7%
    placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Rates of nausea (42% vs. 8%), diarrhea (18% vs. 7%), and vomiting (18% vs. 4%) were higher with exenatide BID than with placebo and did not vary by tertile.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.
  13. 13HumanRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, vomiting occurred in 18% with exenatide versus 4% with placebo, without variation by tertile.

    In plain wordsVomiting occurred more often with exenatide than placebo, without variation by insulin titration tertile.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseVomiting
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo with titrated insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
    Studied dose
    5 µg twice daily for 4 weeks, then 10 µg twice daily · 30 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Vomiting incidence
    18%
    exenatide BID
    Vomiting incidence
    4%
    placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Rates of nausea (42% vs. 8%), diarrhea (18% vs. 7%), and vomiting (18% vs. 4%) were higher with exenatide BID than with placebo and did not vary by tertile.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Subjects on pre-existing insulin glargine (with or without oral antidiabetes agents) were randomized to placebo (n = 123) or exenatide BID (n = 138; 5 µg for 4 weeks, then 10 µg ongoing).
    Summary · context
    Insulin glargine was titrated in both arms per the Treat-to-Target algorithm.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · 1 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 3Results postedNCT00765817

Addition Of Exenatide To Insulin Glargine In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

AstraZenecan = 261Oct 2008 to Jan 2010

Type 2 Diabetes

Trial pageClinicalTrials.govUpdated 24 Oct 2016

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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