Over-expression of thymosin β4 in granulomatous lung tissue with active pulmonary tuberculosis.

Kang YJ, Jo JO, Ock MS, Yoo YB, Chun BK, Oak CH, Cha HJ

Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)4 Feb 2014Cited by 9 (Europe PMC)

PMID24556076DOI10.1016/j.tube.2014.01.003PepBankPUB-24556076

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured5

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In sputum from 19 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 10 normal controls, Tβ4 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the patients.
In plain wordsSputum from people with pulmonary tuberculosis had higher levels of the body's own Tβ4 mRNA than sputum from healthy people.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseSputum Tβ4 mRNA expression
Study
n = 29
Comparator
Normal controls
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Infection
Source sentences
Summary
Expression of Tβ4 was significantly higher in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis than in normal controls.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We also analyzed mRNA expression in the sputum of 10 normal and 19 pulmonary TB patients.
Summary · context
We investigated the expression of Tβ4 in granulomatous lung tissues at various stages of active pulmonary tuberculosis, and we also examined the expression patterns of VEGF and HIF-1α to compare their Tβ4 expression patterns in patients' tissues and in the tissue microarray of TB patients.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2455607605
02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In lung tissue from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, the body's own Tβ4 was highly expressed in granulomas and surrounding lymphocytes in nascent granulomatous tissue but only in the tissue around necrotic regions.
In plain wordsIn lung tissue from people with tuberculosis, the body's own Tβ4 was high in early granulomas but found only around necrotic areas later.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
MixedTβ4 expression in granulomatous lung tissue by stage
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Infection
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 was highly expressed in both granulomas and surrounding lymphocytes in nascent granulomatous lung tissue, but was expressed only surrounding tissues of necrotic or caseous necrotic regions.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the expression of Tβ4 in granulomatous lung tissues at various stages of active pulmonary tuberculosis, and we also examined the expression patterns of VEGF and HIF-1α to compare their Tβ4 expression patterns in patients' tissues and in the tissue microarray of TB patients.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2455607601
03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In lung tissue from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, the expression pattern of HIF-1α was similar to that of the body's own Tβ4.
In plain wordsIn lung tissue from people with tuberculosis, the body's own Tβ4 and HIF-1α showed similar patterns.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTβ4 and HIF-1α expression pattern
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Infection
Source sentences
Summary
The expression pattern of HIF-1α was similar to that of Tβ4.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the expression of Tβ4 in granulomatous lung tissues at various stages of active pulmonary tuberculosis, and we also examined the expression patterns of VEGF and HIF-1α to compare their Tβ4 expression patterns in patients' tissues and in the tissue microarray of TB patients.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2455607602
04HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In lung tissue from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, VEGF co-localized with CD31 and partially co-localized with the body's own Tβ4.
In plain wordsIn lung tissue from people with tuberculosis, VEGF partly overlapped with the body's own Tβ4.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTβ4 and VEGF co-localization
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Infection
Source sentences
Summary
The expression pattern of VEGF co-localized with CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, PECAM-1), a blood endothelial cell marker, and partially co-localized with Tβ4.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the expression of Tβ4 in granulomatous lung tissues at various stages of active pulmonary tuberculosis, and we also examined the expression patterns of VEGF and HIF-1α to compare their Tβ4 expression patterns in patients' tissues and in the tissue microarray of TB patients.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2455607603
05HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In lung tissue from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, the body's own Tβ4 expression did not co-localize with alveolar macrophages.
In plain wordsIn lung tissue from people with tuberculosis, the body's own Tβ4 did not overlap with alveolar macrophages.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
No significant changeTβ4 co-localization with alveolar macrophages
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Infection
Source sentences
Summary
However, the expression of Tβ4 did not co-localize with alveolar macrophages.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the expression of Tβ4 in granulomatous lung tissues at various stages of active pulmonary tuberculosis, and we also examined the expression patterns of VEGF and HIF-1α to compare their Tβ4 expression patterns in patients' tissues and in the tissue microarray of TB patients.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2455607604

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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