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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2014

12 results

Exendin-4 decreases liver inflammation and atherosclerosis development simultaneously by reducing macrophage infiltration.

Wang Y, Parlevliet ET, Geerling JJ, van der Tuin SJ, Zhang H, Bieghs V, Jawad AH, Shiri-Sverdlov R, Bot I, de Jager SC, Havekes LM, Romijn JA, Willems van Dijk K, Rensen PC

British journal of pharmacology1 Feb 2014Cited by 109 (Europe PMC)

PMID24490861 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3969084 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1111/bph.12490 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-24490861
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

12 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 modestly improved dyslipidaemia.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 modestly improved abnormal blood fats.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableDyslipidaemia
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Lipids · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 modestly improved dyslipidaemia, but markedly decreased atherosclerotic lesion severity and area (-33%), accompanied by a reduction in monocyte adhesion to the vessel wall (-42%) and macrophage content in the plaque (-44%).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 decreased atherosclerotic lesion severity.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced the severity of artery lesions.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseAtherosclerotic lesion severity
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 modestly improved dyslipidaemia, but markedly decreased atherosclerotic lesion severity and area (-33%), accompanied by a reduction in monocyte adhesion to the vessel wall (-42%) and macrophage content in the plaque (-44%).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 decreased atherosclerotic lesion area by 33%.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced artery lesion area by 33%.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseAtherosclerotic lesion area
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Cardiovascular events · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    Lesion area change
    −33%
    exendin-4

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 modestly improved dyslipidaemia, but markedly decreased atherosclerotic lesion severity and area (-33%), accompanied by a reduction in monocyte adhesion to the vessel wall (-42%) and macrophage content in the plaque (-44%).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 reduced monocyte adhesion to the vessel wall by 42%.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced immune cell attachment to artery walls by 42%.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseMonocyte adhesion
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 modestly improved dyslipidaemia, but markedly decreased atherosclerotic lesion severity and area (-33%), accompanied by a reduction in monocyte adhesion to the vessel wall (-42%) and macrophage content in the plaque (-44%).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 reduced plaque macrophage content by 44%.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced macrophages in artery plaques by 44%.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreasePlaque macrophage content
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 modestly improved dyslipidaemia, but markedly decreased atherosclerotic lesion severity and area (-33%), accompanied by a reduction in monocyte adhesion to the vessel wall (-42%) and macrophage content in the plaque (-44%).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 reduced hepatic lipid content.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced liver fat.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHepatic lipid content
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Liver fat and liver function · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Furthermore, exendin-4 reduced hepatic lipid content and inflammation as well as hepatic CD68⁺ (-18%) and F4/80⁺ (-25%) macrophage content.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 reduced hepatic inflammation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced liver inflammation.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHepatic inflammation
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Furthermore, exendin-4 reduced hepatic lipid content and inflammation as well as hepatic CD68⁺ (-18%) and F4/80⁺ (-25%) macrophage content.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 reduced hepatic CD68-positive macrophage content by 18%.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced liver CD68-positive macrophages by 18%.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHepatic CD68-positive macrophages
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Furthermore, exendin-4 reduced hepatic lipid content and inflammation as well as hepatic CD68⁺ (-18%) and F4/80⁺ (-25%) macrophage content.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 reduced hepatic F4/80-positive macrophage content by 25%.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced liver F4/80-positive macrophages by 25%.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHepatic F4/80-positive macrophages
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Furthermore, exendin-4 reduced hepatic lipid content and inflammation as well as hepatic CD68⁺ (-18%) and F4/80⁺ (-25%) macrophage content.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  10. 10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 decreased Mac-1-positive macrophage content by 36%, accompanying reduced monocyte recruitment.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced Mac-1-positive macrophages by 36%, with less immune cell recruitment.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseMac-1-positive macrophage content
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    This was accompanied by less monocyte recruitment from the circulation as the Mac-1⁺ macrophage content was decreased (-36%).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  11. 11AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, exendin‑4 reduced hepatic chemokine expression through a GLP-1 receptor-dependent effect.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reduced liver chemokine expression through an effect that depended on the GLP-1 receptor.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHepatic chemokine expression
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on Western-type diet
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Finally, exendin-4 reduced hepatic chemokine expression in vivo and suppressed oxidized low-density lipoprotein accumulation in peritoneal macrophages in vitro, effects dependent on the GLP-1 receptor.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model with human-like lipoprotein metabolism, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 5 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with exendin-4.
  12. 12LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In peritoneal macrophages in vitro, exendin‑4 suppressed oxidized LDL accumulation through a GLP-1 receptor-dependent effect.

    In plain wordsIn cells, exendin‑4 reduced oxidized LDL accumulation through an effect that depended on the GLP-1 receptor.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseOxidized LDL accumulation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Peritoneal macrophages
    Outcome group
    Lipids · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Finally, exendin-4 reduced hepatic chemokine expression in vivo and suppressed oxidized low-density lipoprotein accumulation in peritoneal macrophages in vitro, effects dependent on the GLP-1 receptor.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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