Induction of dental epithelial cell differentiation marker gene expression in non-odontogenic human keratinocytes by transfection with thymosin beta 4.

Kiyoshima T, Fujiwara H, Nagata K, Wada H, Ookuma YF, Shiotsuka M, Kihara M, Hasegawa K, Someya H, Sakai H

Stem cell research16 Nov 2013Cited by 6 (Europe PMC)

PMID24342703DOI10.1016/j.scr.2013.11.006PepBankPUB-24342703

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC-ND. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study11

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone11

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

01AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
RUNX2-positive selected TMSB4X-transfected cells implanted subcutaneously in nude mice formed matrix deposits.
In plain wordsIn mice, implanted skin cells carrying the thymosin beta‑4 gene formed matrix deposits.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseMatrix deposit formation in nude mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
RUNX2-positive selected TMSB4X-transfected cells implanted into the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of nude mice formed matrix deposits.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270309
02AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
AMELX, AMBN and ENAM were observed immunohistochemically in matrix deposits formed by implanted TMSB4X-transfected cells in nude mice.
In plain wordsIn mice, deposits formed by implanted cells carrying the thymosin beta‑4 gene contained amelogenin, ameloblastin and enamelin.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseAMELX, AMBN and ENAM in matrix deposits
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
Immunohistochemically, AMELX, AMBN and ENAM were observed in the matrix deposits.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270310
03LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT cells formed nodules positive for Alizarin-red S and von Kossa staining in calcification-inducing medium.
In plain wordsIn cells, adding the thymosin beta‑4 gene to skin cells made them form calcium nodules.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseCalcium phosphate nodules (Alizarin-red S and von Kossa)
Study
humann: not reported in source
HaCaT cells transfected with TMSB4X
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
TMSB4X-transfected cells formed nodules that were positive for Alizarin-red S (ALZ) and von Kossa staining (calcium phosphate deposits) when cultured in calcification-inducing medium.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270301
04LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
Three selected TMSB4X-transfected clones with larger calcium deposits expressed PITX2.
In plain wordsIn cells, selected clones carrying the thymosin beta‑4 gene made PITX2.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreasePITX2 expression in selected clones
Study
humann: not reported in source
TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT clones
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
Three selected clones showing larger amounts of calcium deposits than the other clones, expressed PITX2, Cytokeratin 14, and Sonic Hedgehog.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270302
05LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
Three selected TMSB4X-transfected clones with larger calcium deposits expressed Cytokeratin 14.
In plain wordsIn cells, selected clones carrying the thymosin beta‑4 gene made Cytokeratin 14.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseCytokeratin 14 expression in selected clones
Study
humann: not reported in source
TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT clones
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
Three selected clones showing larger amounts of calcium deposits than the other clones, expressed PITX2, Cytokeratin 14, and Sonic Hedgehog.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270303
06LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
Three selected TMSB4X-transfected clones with larger calcium deposits expressed Sonic Hedgehog.
In plain wordsIn cells, selected clones carrying the thymosin beta‑4 gene made Sonic Hedgehog.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseSonic Hedgehog expression in selected clones
Study
humann: not reported in source
TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT clones
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
Three selected clones showing larger amounts of calcium deposits than the other clones, expressed PITX2, Cytokeratin 14, and Sonic Hedgehog.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270304
07LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
Odontogenesis-related RUNX2 was upregulated in TMSB4X-transfected cells.
In plain wordsIn cells, adding the thymosin beta‑4 gene raised RUNX2.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseRUNX2 upregulation
Study
humann: not reported in source
TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT cells
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
The upregulation of odontogenesis-related genes, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Amelogenin (AMELX), Ameloblastin (AMBN) and Enamelin (ENAM) was also detected.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270305
08LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
Odontogenesis-related AMELX was upregulated in TMSB4X-transfected cells.
In plain wordsIn cells, adding the thymosin beta‑4 gene raised amelogenin.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseAmelogenin (AMELX) upregulation
Study
humann: not reported in source
TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT cells
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
The upregulation of odontogenesis-related genes, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Amelogenin (AMELX), Ameloblastin (AMBN) and Enamelin (ENAM) was also detected.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270306
09LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
Odontogenesis-related AMBN was upregulated in TMSB4X-transfected cells.
In plain wordsIn cells, adding the thymosin beta‑4 gene raised ameloblastin.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseAmeloblastin (AMBN) upregulation
Study
humann: not reported in source
TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT cells
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
The upregulation of odontogenesis-related genes, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Amelogenin (AMELX), Ameloblastin (AMBN) and Enamelin (ENAM) was also detected.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270307
10LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
Odontogenesis-related ENAM was upregulated in TMSB4X-transfected cells.
In plain wordsIn cells, adding the thymosin beta‑4 gene raised enamelin.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseEnamelin (ENAM) upregulation
Study
humann: not reported in source
TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT cells
Outcome group
Cell proliferation and differentiation · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
The upregulation of odontogenesis-related genes, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Amelogenin (AMELX), Ameloblastin (AMBN) and Enamelin (ENAM) was also detected.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We herein attempted to establish odontogenic epithelial cells from non-odontogenic HaCaT cells by transfection with TMSB4X.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270308
11LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
The odontogenesis-related proteins were observed immunohistochemically in the Alizarin-red S and von Kossa positive nodules of TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT cells.
In plain wordsIn cells, proteins linked to tooth development were found in the calcium nodules of skin cells that carry the thymosin beta‑4 gene.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableExpression of RUNX2 and enamel proteins in calcium-positive nodules
Study
humann: not reported in source
TMSB4X-transfected HaCaT cell nodules
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Skin and wound
Source sentences
Summary
These proteins were immunohistochemically observed in nodules positive for the ALZ and von Kossa staining.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2434270311

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Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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