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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2013

6 results

A novel dimeric thymosin beta 4 with enhanced activities accelerates the rate of wound healing.

Xu TJ, Wang Q, Ma XW, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Xue XC, Zhang C, Hao Q, Li WN, Zhang YQ, Li M

Drug design, development and therapy1 Oct 2013Cited by 10 (Europe PMC)

PMID24109178 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3792846 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.2147/dddt.s50183 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-24109178
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  1. 01AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats, dermal healing with the Tβ4 dimer was approximately 1 day faster than with native Tβ4.

    In plain wordsIn rats, skin wounds treated with the Tβ4 dimer healed about 1 day faster than wounds treated with native Tβ4.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseRate of dermal healing
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    dermal wound healing
    Comparator
    Native Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Wound healing · Skin and wound

    Measurements

    Healing time difference
    ≈ 1 day
    dimer versus native Tβ4

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The rate of dermal healing in the dimeric Tβ4-treated rats was approximately 1 day faster than with native Tβ4-treated rats.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The ability to accelerate dermal healing was assessed on rats.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  2. 02LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    In endothelial cell assays, the Tβ4 dimer showed enhanced activity compared with native Tβ4 in each assay.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests with endothelial cells, the Tβ4 dimer was more active than native Tβ4 in every assay.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseEndothelial cell proliferation, migration and sprouting
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    endothelial cell assays
    Comparator
    Native Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Wound healing · Skin and wound

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In each assay, the dimeric Tβ4 exhibited enhanced activities compared with native Tβ4.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The activities of the Tβ4 dimer to promote endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and sprouting were assessed by tetramethylbenzidine (methylthiazol tetrazolium), trans-well, scratch, and tube formation assays.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  3. 03LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    In endothelial cells, the Tβ4 dimer promoted cell migration almost two times more than native Tβ4.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests with endothelial cells, the Tβ4 dimer made cells migrate almost two times more than native Tβ4 did.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseEndothelial cell migration
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    endothelial cell migration assay
    Comparator
    Native Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Wound healing · Skin and wound

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Notably, the ability of the dimeric Tβ4 to promote cell migration was almost two times higher than that of Tβ4.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The activities of the Tβ4 dimer to promote endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and sprouting were assessed by tetramethylbenzidine (methylthiazol tetrazolium), trans-well, scratch, and tube formation assays.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  4. 04LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other

    After fermentation of engineered E. coli, the Tβ4 dimer accounted for about 30% of all bacterial proteins.

    In plain wordsIn lab production, the engineered Tβ4 dimer made up about 30% of all bacterial proteins.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTβ4 dimer share of bacterial protein after fermentation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Synthesis and manufacturing · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    Dimer share of bacterial protein
    ≈ 30%
    after fermentation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    After fermentation, the Tβ4 dimer accounted for about 30% of all the bacteria proteins.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A pilot-scale fermentation (10 L) was performed to produce engineered bacteria and the Tβ4 dimer was purified by one-step hydrophobic interaction chromatography.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  5. 05LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other

    The purity of the Tβ4 dimer reached 98% after hydrophobic interaction chromatography.

    In plain wordsIn lab production, the Tβ4 dimer reached 98% purity after one purification step.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTβ4 dimer purity after chromatography
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Synthesis and manufacturing · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    Purity
    98%
    after hydrophobic interaction chromatography

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The purity of the Tβ4 dimer reached 98% after hydrophobic interaction chromatography purification.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  6. 06LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other

    An average of 562.4 mg/L Tβ4 dimer was obtained using a 10 L fermenter.

    In plain wordsIn lab production, a 10 L fermenter gave an average of 562.4 mg/L of the Tβ4 dimer.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTβ4 dimer yield in a 10 L fermenter
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Synthesis and manufacturing · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    Yield
    562.4 mg/L
    10 L fermenter

    Source sentences

    Summary
    An average of 562.4 mg/L Tβ4 dimer was acquired using a 10 L fermenter.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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