Thymosin β4 increases the potency of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells for myocardial repair.

Ye L, Zhang P, Duval S, Su L, Xiong Q, Zhang J

Circulation1 Sept 2013Cited by 51 (Europe PMC)

PMID24030419PMCIDPMC3886821DOI10.1161/circulationaha.112.000025PepBankPUB-24030419

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study11

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In swine mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia, culture with Tβ4 significantly lowered cellular damage (lactate dehydrogenase leakage) compared with culture without Tβ4.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, Tβ4 reduced damage to pig stem cells under low oxygen, compared with cells without Tβ4.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseCellular damage (lactate dehydrogenase leakage) in sMSCs
Study
swinen: not reported in source
swine mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia
Comparator
sMSCs without Tβ4
Outcome group
Cell viability and death · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
1 μg/mLAs given in this study (swine).
Source sentences
Summary
Under hypoxic conditions, cellular damage (lactate dehydrogenase leakage), apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelingc cells), and caspase-8 activity were significantly lower
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
than in sMSCs cultured without Tβ4
Report a problemFND-2403041901
02LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In swine mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia, culture with Tβ4 significantly lowered apoptosis compared with culture without Tβ4.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, Tβ4 reduced stem cell death in pig cells under low oxygen, compared with cells without Tβ4.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseApoptosis (TUNEL) in sMSCs
Study
swinen: not reported in source
swine mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia
Comparator
sMSCs without Tβ4
Outcome group
Cell viability and death · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
1 μg/mLAs given in this study (swine).
Source sentences
Summary
Under hypoxic conditions, cellular damage (lactate dehydrogenase leakage), apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelingc cells), and caspase-8 activity were significantly lower
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
than in sMSCs cultured without Tβ4
Report a problemFND-2403041902
03LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In swine mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia, culture with Tβ4 significantly lowered caspase-8 activity compared with culture without Tβ4.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, Tβ4 lowered a cell-death enzyme in pig stem cells under low oxygen, compared with cells without Tβ4.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseCaspase-8 activity in sMSCs
Study
swinen: not reported in source
swine mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia
Comparator
sMSCs without Tβ4
Outcome group
Cell viability and death · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
1 μg/mLAs given in this study (swine).
Source sentences
Summary
Under hypoxic conditions, cellular damage (lactate dehydrogenase leakage), apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelingc cells), and caspase-8 activity were significantly lower
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
than in sMSCs cultured without Tβ4
Report a problemFND-2403041903
04LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In swine mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia, culture with Tβ4 significantly raised B-cell lymphoma-extra large protein expression compared with culture without Tβ4.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, Tβ4 raised a cell-survival protein in pig stem cells under low oxygen, compared with cells without Tβ4.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseB-cell lymphoma-extra large protein expression in sMSCs
Study
swinen: not reported in source
swine mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia
Comparator
sMSCs without Tβ4
Outcome group
Cell viability and death · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
1 μg/mLAs given in this study (swine).
Source sentences
Summary
whereas B-cell lymphoma-extra large protein expression was significantly higher, in sMSCs cultured with Tβ4 (1 μg/mL) than in sMSCs cultured without Tβ4
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Under hypoxic conditions
Report a problemFND-2403041904
05LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In swine mesenchymal stem cells, Tβ4 also increased proliferation.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, Tβ4 increased the growth of pig stem cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreasesMSC proliferation
Study
swinen: not reported in source
swine mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia
Outcome group
Cell viability and death · Cardiovascular
Studied dose
1 μg/mLAs given in this study (swine).
Source sentences
Summary
and Tβ4 also increased sMSC proliferation.
Report a problemFND-2403041905

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

06AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats with myocardial infarction, a patch with sMSCs and Tβ4 gave significantly better left-ventricular ejection fraction at 4 weeks than basal medium or a fibrin patch alone.
In plain wordsIn rats with a heart attack, a patch holding stem cells plus Tβ4 gave better heart pumping than medium alone or an empty patch.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseLeft-ventricular ejection fraction at 4 weeks (sMSC/Tβ4 patch)
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat model of myocardial infarction
Comparator
MI and Patch groups
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Measurements
LVEF
51.7%
sMSC/Tβ4
LVEF
39%
MI
LVEF
43%
Patch
Source sentences
Summary
Four weeks after treatment, echocardiographic assessments of left-ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening were significantly better (P<0.05) in sMSC/Tβ4 animals (left-ventricular ejection fraction=51.7 ± 1.1%; fractional shortening=26.7 ± 0.7%) than in animals from MI (39 ± 3%; 19.5…
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
For in vivo experiments, animals were treated with basal medium (MI: n=6), a fibrin patch (Patch: n=6), a patch containing sMSCs (sMSC: n=9), or a patch containing sMSCs and Tβ4 (sMSC/Tβ4: n=11); Tβ4 was encapsulated in gelatin microspheres to extend Tβ4 delivery.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2403041906
07AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats with myocardial infarction, a patch with sMSCs and Tβ4 gave significantly better fractional shortening at 4 weeks than basal medium or a fibrin patch alone.
In plain wordsIn rats with a heart attack, a patch holding stem cells plus Tβ4 gave better heart shortening than medium alone or an empty patch.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseFractional shortening at 4 weeks (sMSC/Tβ4 patch)
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat model of myocardial infarction
Comparator
MI and Patch groups
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Measurements
Fractional shortening
26.7%
sMSC/Tβ4
Fractional shortening
19.5%
MI
Fractional shortening
21.6%
Patch
Source sentences
Summary
Four weeks after treatment, echocardiographic assessments of left-ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening were significantly better (P<0.05) in sMSC/Tβ4 animals (left-ventricular ejection fraction=51.7 ± 1.1%; fractional shortening=26.7 ± 0.7%) than in animals from MI (39 ± 3%; 19.5…
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
For in vivo experiments, animals were treated with basal medium (MI: n=6), a fibrin patch (Patch: n=6), a patch containing sMSCs (sMSC: n=9), or a patch containing sMSCs and Tβ4 (sMSC/Tβ4: n=11); Tβ4 was encapsulated in gelatin microspheres to extend Tβ4 delivery.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2403041907
08AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats with myocardial infarction, a patch with sMSCs and Tβ4 gave significantly greater infarct wall thickness than basal medium.
In plain wordsIn rats with a heart attack, a patch holding stem cells plus Tβ4 left a thicker heart wall at the injury than medium alone.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseInfarct wall thickness (sMSC/Tβ4 patch)
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat model of myocardial infarction
Comparator
MI group
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Measurements
Infarct wall thickness
50%
sMSC/Tβ4
Infarct wall thickness
25%
MI
Source sentences
Summary
Histological assessment of infarct wall thickness was significantly higher (P<0.05) in sMSC/Tβ4 animals (50%, [45%, 80%]) than in animals from MI (25%, [20%, 25%]) group.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
For in vivo experiments, animals were treated with basal medium (MI: n=6), a fibrin patch (Patch: n=6), a patch containing sMSCs (sMSC: n=9), or a patch containing sMSCs and Tβ4 (sMSC/Tβ4: n=11); Tβ4 was encapsulated in gelatin microspheres to extend Tβ4 delivery.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2403041908
09AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats with myocardial infarction, Tβ4 administration significantly increased vascular growth.
In plain wordsIn rats with a heart attack, a patch with beads that release Tβ4 clearly increased blood vessel growth.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseVascular growth
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat model of myocardial infarction
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 administration also significantly increased vascular growth, the retention/survival of the transplanted sMSCs, and the recruitment of endogenous c-Kit(+) progenitor cells to the infarcted region.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
For in vivo experiments, animals were treated with basal medium (MI: n=6), a fibrin patch (Patch: n=6), a patch containing sMSCs (sMSC: n=9), or a patch containing sMSCs and Tβ4 (sMSC/Tβ4: n=11); Tβ4 was encapsulated in gelatin microspheres to extend Tβ4 delivery.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2403041909
10AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats with myocardial infarction, Tβ4 administration significantly increased the retention and survival of transplanted sMSCs.
In plain wordsIn rats with a heart attack, a patch with beads that release Tβ4 clearly increased how many transplanted stem cells stayed and survived.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseRetention and survival of transplanted sMSCs
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat model of myocardial infarction
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 administration also significantly increased vascular growth, the retention/survival of the transplanted sMSCs, and the recruitment of endogenous c-Kit(+) progenitor cells to the infarcted region.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Extended-release Tβ4 administration improves the retention, survival, and regenerative potency of transplanted sMSCs after myocardial injury.
Summary · context
For in vivo experiments, animals were treated with basal medium (MI: n=6), a fibrin patch (Patch: n=6), a patch containing sMSCs (sMSC: n=9), or a patch containing sMSCs and Tβ4 (sMSC/Tβ4: n=11); Tβ4 was encapsulated in gelatin microspheres to extend Tβ4 delivery.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2403041910
11AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats with myocardial infarction, Tβ4 administration significantly increased recruitment of endogenous c-Kit(+) progenitor cells to the infarcted region.
In plain wordsIn rats with a heart attack, a patch with beads that release Tβ4 clearly drew more of the body's own progenitor cells to the damage.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseRecruitment of endogenous c-Kit(+) progenitor cells
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat model of myocardial infarction
Outcome group
Heart function · Cardiovascular
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 administration also significantly increased vascular growth, the retention/survival of the transplanted sMSCs, and the recruitment of endogenous c-Kit(+) progenitor cells to the infarcted region.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
For in vivo experiments, animals were treated with basal medium (MI: n=6), a fibrin patch (Patch: n=6), a patch containing sMSCs (sMSC: n=9), or a patch containing sMSCs and Tβ4 (sMSC/Tβ4: n=11); Tβ4 was encapsulated in gelatin microspheres to extend Tβ4 delivery.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2403041911

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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