Phthalates may promote female puberty by increasing kisspeptin activity.

Chen CY, Chou YY, Wu YM, Lin CC, Lin SJ, Lee CC

Human reproduction (Oxford, England)14 Aug 2013Cited by 60 (Europe PMC)

PMID23945596DOI10.1093/humrep/det325PepBankPUB-23945596

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured5

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In girls with central precocious puberty, serum kisspeptin‑54 levels were higher than in prepubertal controls (P = 0.022).
In plain wordsIn girls with early puberty, the body's own kisspeptin‑54 levels were higher than in girls who had not started puberty.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-54 (metastin)
Outcome
IncreaseSerum kisspeptin-54 in central precocious puberty versus prepubertal controls
Study
n = 104
Comparator
Prepubertal controls
Outcome group
Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
P value
0.022
CPP versus controls
Source sentences
Summary
Serum kisspeptin-54 levels were higher (P = 0.022) in the CPP group than controls
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This case-control study ran from 2006 to 2009. We enrolled 104 girls. Girls in the central precocious puberty (CPP) (case) group were recruited from a pediatric endocrinology policlinic in Taiwan; prepubescent controls were recruited from local elementary schools and all were categorized based on a…
This result measures the body's own Kisspeptin-54 (metastin). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2394559601
02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In girls with central precocious puberty, serum kisspeptin‑54 levels stayed significantly higher than in controls after adjusting for age (P = 0.03).
In plain wordsIn girls with early puberty, the body's own kisspeptin‑54 levels stayed higher than in controls after allowing for age.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-54 (metastin)
Outcome
IncreaseSerum kisspeptin-54 in CPP versus controls, adjusted for age
Study
n = 104
Comparator
Prepubertal controls
Outcome group
Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
P value
0.03
age-adjusted
Source sentences
Summary
were still significantly higher after adjusting for age (P = 0.03).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This case-control study ran from 2006 to 2009. We enrolled 104 girls. Girls in the central precocious puberty (CPP) (case) group were recruited from a pediatric endocrinology policlinic in Taiwan; prepubescent controls were recruited from local elementary schools and all were categorized based on a…
This result measures the body's own Kisspeptin-54 (metastin). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2394559602
03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In girls, serum kisspeptin levels showed a significant increasing trend across the stages of puberty.
In plain wordsIn girls, natural kisspeptin levels were linked to rising puberty stage.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-54 (metastin)
Outcome
IncreaseTrend of kisspeptin levels across puberty stages
Study
n = 104
Outcome group
Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
P trend
0.005
kisspeptin across puberty stages
Source sentences
Summary
There was a significant increasing trend (P(trend) = 0.005) between levels of kisspeptin and the stages of puberty.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This case-control study ran from 2006 to 2009. We enrolled 104 girls. Girls in the central precocious puberty (CPP) (case) group were recruited from a pediatric endocrinology policlinic in Taiwan; prepubescent controls were recruited from local elementary schools and all were categorized based on a…
This result measures the body's own Kisspeptin-54 (metastin). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2394559603
04HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In girls, serum kisspeptin‑54 correlated positively with urinary mono-n-butyl phthalate.
In plain wordsIn girls, higher natural kisspeptin‑54 levels were linked to higher urinary phthalate levels.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-54 (metastin)
Outcome
IncreaseCorrelation of kisspeptin-54 with urinary mono-n-butyl phthalate
Study
n = 104
Outcome group
Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
R2
0.251
ng/ml
R2
0.109
ug/g-creatinine
Source sentences
Summary
There was a significant positive correlation between kisspeptin-54 and urinary mono-n-butyl phthalate (ng/ml: R(2) = 0.251, P < 0.001; μg/g-creatinine: R(2) = 0.109, P = 0.024).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This case-control study ran from 2006 to 2009. We enrolled 104 girls. Girls in the central precocious puberty (CPP) (case) group were recruited from a pediatric endocrinology policlinic in Taiwan; prepubescent controls were recruited from local elementary schools and all were categorized based on a…
This result measures the body's own Kisspeptin-54 (metastin). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2394559605
05HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In girls treated with leuprorelin acetate, the concentration of kisspeptin‑54 did not change.
In plain wordsIn girls treated with leuprorelin, natural kisspeptin‑54 levels did not change.
Peptide
Kisspeptin-54 (metastin)
Outcome
No significant changeKisspeptin-54 concentration during leuprorelin treatment
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
Source sentences
Summary
The concentration of kisspeptin-54 did not change in girls treated with leuprorelin acetate.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This case-control study ran from 2006 to 2009. We enrolled 104 girls. Girls in the central precocious puberty (CPP) (case) group were recruited from a pediatric endocrinology policlinic in Taiwan; prepubescent controls were recruited from local elementary schools and all were categorized based on a…
This result measures the body's own Kisspeptin-54 (metastin). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2394559604

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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Keywords

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