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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2013

10 results

The mitochondrial-targeted compound SS-31 re-energizes ischemic mitochondria by interacting with cardiolipin.

Birk AV, Liu S, Soong Y, Mills W, Singh P, Warren JD, Seshan SV, Pardee JD, Szeto HH

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN11 Jul 2013Cited by 431 (Europe PMC)

PMID23813215 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3736700 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1681/asn.2012121216 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-23813215
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study10

10 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats, pretreatment with SS‑31 protected cristae membranes during renal ischemia.

    In plain wordsIn rats, SS‑31 given before kidney ischemia protected the folded inner membranes of mitochondria.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    IncreaseMitochondrial cristae membrane integrity during renal ischemia
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Renal ischemia-reperfusion
    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Kidney and urinary
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Pretreatment of rats with SS-31 protected cristae membranes during renal ischemia and prevented mitochondrial swelling.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats, pretreatment with SS‑31 prevented mitochondrial swelling during renal ischemia.

    In plain wordsIn rats, SS‑31 given before kidney ischemia prevented mitochondria from swelling.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseMitochondrial swelling
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Renal ischemia-reperfusion
    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Kidney and urinary
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Pretreatment of rats with SS-31 protected cristae membranes during renal ischemia and prevented mitochondrial swelling.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats pretreated with SS‑31, ATP recovered promptly on reperfusion after renal ischemia.

    In plain wordsIn rats given SS‑31 before kidney ischemia, ATP, the cell energy source, recovered quickly when blood flow returned.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    IncreaseATP recovery on reperfusion
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Renal ischemia-reperfusion
    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Kidney and urinary
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Prompt recovery of ATP on reperfusion led to rapid repair of ATP-dependent processes, such as restoration of the actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Pretreatment of rats with SS-31 protected cristae membranes during renal ischemia and prevented mitochondrial swelling.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats pretreated with SS‑31, prompt ATP recovery led to restoration of the actin cytoskeleton after renal ischemia.

    In plain wordsIn rats given SS‑31 before kidney ischemia, the cell skeleton was restored quickly after blood flow returned.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    IncreaseRestoration of actin cytoskeleton
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Renal ischemia-reperfusion
    Outcome group
    Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Prompt recovery of ATP on reperfusion led to rapid repair of ATP-dependent processes, such as restoration of the actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Pretreatment of rats with SS-31 protected cristae membranes during renal ischemia and prevented mitochondrial swelling.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats pretreated with SS‑31, prompt ATP recovery led to restoration of cell polarity after renal ischemia.

    In plain wordsIn rats given SS‑31 before kidney ischemia, kidney cells regained their normal orientation quickly after blood flow returned.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    IncreaseRestoration of cell polarity
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Renal ischemia-reperfusion
    Outcome group
    Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Prompt recovery of ATP on reperfusion led to rapid repair of ATP-dependent processes, such as restoration of the actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Pretreatment of rats with SS-31 protected cristae membranes during renal ischemia and prevented mitochondrial swelling.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats pretreated with SS‑31, rapid ATP recovery inhibited apoptosis after renal ischemia.

    In plain wordsIn rats given SS‑31 before kidney ischemia, kidney cell death was reduced.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseApoptosis after renal ischemia-reperfusion
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Renal ischemia-reperfusion
    Outcome group
    Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Rapid recovery of ATP also inhibited apoptosis, protected tubular barrier function, and mitigated renal dysfunction.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Pretreatment of rats with SS-31 protected cristae membranes during renal ischemia and prevented mitochondrial swelling.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats pretreated with SS‑31, rapid ATP recovery protected tubular barrier function after renal ischemia.

    In plain wordsIn rats given SS‑31 before kidney ischemia, the barrier function of kidney tubes was protected.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTubular barrier function
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Renal ischemia-reperfusion
    Outcome group
    Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Rapid recovery of ATP also inhibited apoptosis, protected tubular barrier function, and mitigated renal dysfunction.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Pretreatment of rats with SS-31 protected cristae membranes during renal ischemia and prevented mitochondrial swelling.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats pretreated with SS‑31, rapid ATP recovery mitigated renal dysfunction after ischemia.

    In plain wordsIn rats given SS‑31 before kidney ischemia, kidney dysfunction was milder.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseRenal dysfunction
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Renal ischemia-reperfusion
    Outcome group
    Kidney function · Kidney and urinary
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Rapid recovery of ATP also inhibited apoptosis, protected tubular barrier function, and mitigated renal dysfunction.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Pretreatment of rats with SS-31 protected cristae membranes during renal ischemia and prevented mitochondrial swelling.
  9. 09LabIn vitro (cell-free)Activity measurement

    In a cell-free assay with a fluorescent analog, SS‑31 bound with high affinity to cardiolipin.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests without cells, SS‑31 bound strongly to cardiolipin, a fat found in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    Not applicableBinding of SS-31 to cardiolipin
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Fluorescent SS-31 analog with cardiolipin
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Here, we used a polarity-sensitive fluorescent analog of SS-31 to demonstrate that SS-31 binds with high affinity to cardiolipin, an anionic phospholipid expressed on the inner mitochondrial membrane that is required for cristae formation.
  10. 10LabIn vitro (cell-free)Mechanism

    In cell-free assays, the SS‑31/cardiolipin complex inhibited cytochrome c peroxidase activity by protecting its heme iron.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests without cells, the SS‑31 and cardiolipin complex blocked an enzyme activity linked to mitochondrial damage.

    Peptide
    Elamipretide (SS-31)
    Outcome
    DecreaseCytochrome c peroxidase activity
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    SS-31/cardiolipin complex
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, the SS-31/cardiolipin complex inhibited cytochrome c peroxidase activity, which catalyzes cardiolipin peroxidation and results in mitochondrial damage during ischemia, by protecting its heme iron.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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