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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2013

9 results

The cytoprotective peptide humanin is induced and neutralizes Bax after pro-apoptotic stress in the rat testis.

Jia Y, Lue YH, Swerdloff R, Lee KW, Cobb LJ, Cohen P, Wang C

Andrology20 May 2013Cited by 48 (Europe PMC)

PMID23686888 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3696635 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00091.x (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-23686888
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats, synthetic humanin given alone had no effect on germ cell apoptosis.

    In plain wordsIn rats, humanin given alone did not change germ cell death.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    No significant changeGerm cell apoptosis with HN alone
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GnRH antagonist-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Comparator
    Saline control
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intratesticular · 5 daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HN alone had no effect on germ cell apoptosis.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and da…
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats given a GnRH antagonist, synthetic humanin decreased germ cell apoptosis.

    In plain wordsIn rats, humanin reduced the germ cell death caused by a hormone-blocking drug.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseGnRH-A-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GnRH antagonist-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Comparator
    GnRH-A alone
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intratesticular · 5 daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Synthetic HN decreased germ cell apoptosis induced by GnRH-A and BAX in the mitochondria.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and da…
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats given a GnRH antagonist, synthetic humanin decreased BAX in testicular mitochondrial fractions.

    In plain wordsIn rats, humanin lowered the cell-death protein BAX in testis mitochondria after a hormone-blocking drug.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseBAX in testicular mitochondria
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GnRH antagonist-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Comparator
    GnRH-A alone
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intratesticular · 5 daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Synthetic HN decreased germ cell apoptosis induced by GnRH-A and BAX in the mitochondria.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and da…
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats given a GnRH antagonist, the authors deduced that synthetic humanin acted by attenuating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity.

    In plain wordsIn rats, humanin's protective effect in the testis was linked to lower p38 kinase activity.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    Decreasep38 MAPK activity
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GnRH antagonist-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Comparator
    GnRH-A alone
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intratesticular · 5 daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    We deduced that the cytoprotective action of synthetic HN on GnRH-A-induced germ cell apoptosis was mediated by attenuating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and increasing STAT3 phosphorylation.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and da…
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats given a GnRH antagonist, the authors deduced that synthetic humanin acted by increasing STAT3 phosphorylation.

    In plain wordsIn rats, humanin's protective effect in the testis was linked to higher STAT3 phosphorylation.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreaseSTAT3 phosphorylation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GnRH antagonist-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Comparator
    GnRH-A alone
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intratesticular · 5 daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    We deduced that the cytoprotective action of synthetic HN on GnRH-A-induced germ cell apoptosis was mediated by attenuating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and increasing STAT3 phosphorylation.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and da…
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats given a GnRH antagonist, concomitant synthetic humanin reduced endogenous rat humanin expression in testicular cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions.

    In plain wordsIn rats, humanin given with a hormone-blocking drug lowered the body's own humanin in the testis compared with the drug alone.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    DecreaseEndogenous rat HN expression with synthetic HN after GnRH-A
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GnRH antagonist-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Comparator
    GnRH-A alone
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intratesticular · 5 daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    GnRH-A treatment increased, but concomitant treatment with synthetic HN reduced endogenous rat HN expression in both cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions in testis
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and da…

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 07AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, GnRH-A treatment increased the expression of the body's own rat humanin in testicular cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions.

    In plain wordsIn rats, a hormone-blocking drug raised the body's own humanin in the testis.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    IncreaseEndogenous rat HN expression after GnRH-A
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GnRH antagonist-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health

    Source sentences

    Summary
    GnRH-A treatment increased, but concomitant treatment with synthetic HN reduced endogenous rat HN expression in both cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions in testis
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and da…

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 08AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats given GnRH-A, the increased endogenous rat humanin was physically associated with BAX in the cytosolic testicular fractions.

    In plain wordsIn rats, after a hormone-blocking drug, the body's own humanin was bound to the cell-death protein BAX in the testis.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    Not applicableAssociation of endogenous rat HN with BAX in cytosol
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GnRH antagonist-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that the increased rat HN was physically associated with BAX in the cytosolic testicular fractions after GnRH-A treatment.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and da…

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 09AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats given GnRH-A, endogenous rat humanin co-localized with BAX in the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and spermatocytes.

    In plain wordsIn rats, after a hormone-blocking drug, the body's own humanin sat together with BAX inside testis cells.

    Peptide
    Humanin
    Outcome
    Not applicableCo-localization of endogenous rat HN with BAX
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GnRH antagonist-induced germ cell apoptosis
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Double-immunofluorescence staining confirmed the co-localization of BAX and rat HN in the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and spermatocytes after GnRH-A treatment.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and da…

    This result measures the body's own Humanin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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