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Study · Randomized controlled trial · 2013

12 results

Treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes with exenatide once weekly versus oral glucose-lowering medications or insulin glargine: achievement of glycemic and cardiovascular goals.

Meloni AR, DeYoung MB, Han J, Best JH, Grimm M

Cardiovascular diabetology23 Mar 2013Cited by 12 (Europe PMC)

PMID23522121 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3622579 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1186/1475-2840-12-48 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-23522121
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Summary

BackgroundDiabetes is associated with a higher risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. To improve the health outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommended target goals for the improvement of glycemic control and the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors associated with the disease. This retrospective analysis calculated the absolute benefit increase (ABI) of using exenatide once weekly (QW), a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, vs an oral glucose-lowering medication or insulin glargine to achieve ADA-recommended goals. The number needed to treat (NNT) to achieve these goals was also calculated and provides a useful clinical metric for comparing potential therapies from different drug classes.MethodsPatient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately. ABI and NNT were calculated by comparing the percentage of patients treated with exenatide QW (N = 641) vs metformin (N = 246), sitagliptin (N = 329), pioglitazone (N = 328), or insulin glargine (N = 223), who achieved a single glycemic, weight, blood pressure, or lipid goal or a composite of these recommended goals, during the DURATION-2, -3, and -4 clinical trials.ResultsSignificant ABIs favoring exenatide QW over all four glucose-lowering medications were observed for at least one HbA1c glycemic goal. NNTs of 4 and 5 were calculated when exenatide QW was compared to sitagliptin for attaining HbA1c goals of <7.0% and ≤6.5%, respectively. Additionally, significantly more patients using exenatide QW compared to sitagliptin, pioglitazone, or insulin glargine attained the composite goal of HbA1c <7% or ≤6.5%, without weight gain or hypoglycemia. Exenatide QW was also favored over sitagliptin and insulin glargine for the achievement of the composite goals of HbA1c <7% (or ≤6.5%), systolic blood pressure <130 mm Hg, and low-density lipoprotein <2.59 mmol/L. For most goals, exenatide QW and metformin had similar effects in treatment naïve patients.ConclusionsThis analysis assessed the between-therapy differences in achieving therapeutic goals with therapies commonly used for glycemic control in patients with T2DM. In clinical trials, exenatide QW assisted more patients in reaching the majority of ADA-recommended therapeutic goals than treatment with sitagliptin, pioglitazone, or insulin glargine.Trial registrationNCT00637273, NCT00641056, NCT00676338.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study12

12 results from studies that gave the peptide. 12 results from people.

  1. 01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, exenatide once weekly improved attainment of at least one HbA1c goal compared with metformin.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide improved attainment of at least one HbA1c goal compared with metformin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseHbA1c goal attainment
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Metformin
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Significant ABIs favoring exenatide QW over all four glucose-lowering medications were observed for at least one HbA1c glycemic goal.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    ABI and NNT were calculated by comparing the percentage of patients treated with exenatide QW (N = 641) vs metformin (N = 246), sitagliptin (N = 329), pioglitazone (N = 328), or insulin glargine (N = 223), who achieved a single glycemic, weight, blood pressure, or lipid goal or a composite of these recommended goals, during the DURATION-2, -3, and -4 clinical trials.
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  2. 02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, exenatide once weekly improved attainment of at least one HbA1c goal compared with sitagliptin.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide improved attainment of at least one HbA1c goal compared with sitagliptin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseHbA1c goal attainment
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sitagliptin
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Significant ABIs favoring exenatide QW over all four glucose-lowering medications were observed for at least one HbA1c glycemic goal.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    ABI and NNT were calculated by comparing the percentage of patients treated with exenatide QW (N = 641) vs metformin (N = 246), sitagliptin (N = 329), pioglitazone (N = 328), or insulin glargine (N = 223), who achieved a single glycemic, weight, blood pressure, or lipid goal or a composite of these recommended goals, during the DURATION-2, -3, and -4 clinical trials.
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  3. 03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, exenatide once weekly improved attainment of at least one HbA1c goal compared with pioglitazone.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide improved attainment of at least one HbA1c goal compared with pioglitazone.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseHbA1c goal attainment
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Pioglitazone
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Significant ABIs favoring exenatide QW over all four glucose-lowering medications were observed for at least one HbA1c glycemic goal.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    ABI and NNT were calculated by comparing the percentage of patients treated with exenatide QW (N = 641) vs metformin (N = 246), sitagliptin (N = 329), pioglitazone (N = 328), or insulin glargine (N = 223), who achieved a single glycemic, weight, blood pressure, or lipid goal or a composite of these recommended goals, during the DURATION-2, -3, and -4 clinical trials.
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  4. 04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, exenatide once weekly improved attainment of at least one HbA1c goal compared with insulin glargine.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide improved attainment of at least one HbA1c goal compared with insulin glargine.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseHbA1c goal attainment
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Significant ABIs favoring exenatide QW over all four glucose-lowering medications were observed for at least one HbA1c glycemic goal.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    ABI and NNT were calculated by comparing the percentage of patients treated with exenatide QW (N = 641) vs metformin (N = 246), sitagliptin (N = 329), pioglitazone (N = 328), or insulin glargine (N = 223), who achieved a single glycemic, weight, blood pressure, or lipid goal or a composite of these recommended goals, during the DURATION-2, -3, and -4 clinical trials.
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  5. 05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, the NNT for exenatide versus sitagliptin to achieve HbA1c <7.0% was 4.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide versus sitagliptin had an NNT of 4 for achieving HbA1c <7.0%.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableNNT for HbA1c <7.0%
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sitagliptin
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    NNT
    4 patients
    HbA1c <7.0%, versus sitagliptin

    Source sentences

    Summary
    NNTs of 4 and 5 were calculated when exenatide QW was compared to sitagliptin for attaining HbA1c goals of <7.0% and ≤6.5%, respectively.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  6. 06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, the NNT for exenatide versus sitagliptin to achieve HbA1c ≤6.5% was 5.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide versus sitagliptin had an NNT of 5 for achieving HbA1c ≤6.5%.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableNNT for HbA1c ≤6.5%
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sitagliptin
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    NNT
    5 patients
    HbA1c ≤6.5%, versus sitagliptin

    Source sentences

    Summary
    NNTs of 4 and 5 were calculated when exenatide QW was compared to sitagliptin for attaining HbA1c goals of <7.0% and ≤6.5%, respectively.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  7. 07HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, more exenatide than sitagliptin recipients achieved HbA1c targets without weight gain or hypoglycemia.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide improved combined glucose, weight and hypoglycemia target attainment compared with sitagliptin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseGlycemic target without weight gain or hypoglycemia
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sitagliptin
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Additionally, significantly more patients using exenatide QW compared to sitagliptin, pioglitazone, or insulin glargine attained the composite goal of HbA1c <7% or ≤6.5%, without weight gain or hypoglycemia.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  8. 08HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, more exenatide than pioglitazone recipients achieved HbA1c targets without weight gain or hypoglycemia.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide improved combined glucose, weight and hypoglycemia target attainment compared with pioglitazone.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseGlycemic target without weight gain or hypoglycemia
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Pioglitazone
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Additionally, significantly more patients using exenatide QW compared to sitagliptin, pioglitazone, or insulin glargine attained the composite goal of HbA1c <7% or ≤6.5%, without weight gain or hypoglycemia.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  9. 09HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, more exenatide than insulin glargine recipients achieved HbA1c targets without weight gain or hypoglycemia.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide improved combined glucose, weight and hypoglycemia target attainment compared with insulin glargine.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseGlycemic target without weight gain or hypoglycemia
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Additionally, significantly more patients using exenatide QW compared to sitagliptin, pioglitazone, or insulin glargine attained the composite goal of HbA1c <7% or ≤6.5%, without weight gain or hypoglycemia.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  10. 10HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, exenatide favored attainment of combined HbA1c, systolic blood pressure and LDL goals over sitagliptin.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide favored combined glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol target attainment over sitagliptin.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseComposite glycemic, blood pressure and LDL goals
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sitagliptin
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exenatide QW was also favored over sitagliptin and insulin glargine for the achievement of the composite goals of HbA1c <7% (or ≤6.5%), systolic blood pressure <130 mm Hg, and low-density lipoprotein <2.59 mmol/L.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  11. 11HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In type 2 diabetes, exenatide favored attainment of combined HbA1c, systolic blood pressure and LDL goals over insulin glargine.

    In plain wordsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide favored combined glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol target attainment over insulin glargine.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseComposite glycemic, blood pressure and LDL goals
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exenatide QW was also favored over sitagliptin and insulin glargine for the achievement of the composite goals of HbA1c <7% (or ≤6.5%), systolic blood pressure <130 mm Hg, and low-density lipoprotein <2.59 mmol/L.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.
  12. 12HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes, exenatide and metformin had similar effects for most goals.

    In plain wordsIn treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes, exenatide and metformin had similar effects for most goals.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeTherapeutic goals in treatment-naive patients
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Metformin
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Once weekly · 26 weeksAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    For most goals, exenatide QW and metformin had similar effects in treatment naïve patients.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patient data from three double-blind or open label, 26-week, randomized, controlled trials were retrospectively analyzed separately.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials3

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

3 trials · 3 completed · 3 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 3Results postedNCT00676338

Safety and Efficacy of Exenatide Once Weekly Injection Versus Metformin, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, or Thiazolidinedione as Monotherapy in Drug-Naive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (DURATION-4)

AstraZenecan = 820Nov 2008 to Jan 2011

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Trial pageClinicalTrials.govUpdated 9 Apr 2015
CompletedPhase 3Results postedNCT00641056

Efficacy of Exenatide Once Weekly and Once-Daily Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Metformin Alone or in Combination With Sulfonylurea (DURATION - 3)

AstraZenecan = 467Apr 2008 to Nov 2009

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Trial pageClinicalTrials.govUpdated 15 Jun 2015
CompletedPhase 3Results postedNCT00637273

A Study to Compare the Glycemic Effects, Safety, and Tolerability of Exenatide Once Weekly to Those of Sitagliptin and Pioglitazone,in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Metformin (DURATION - 2)

AstraZenecan = 514Jan 2008 to Jul 2009

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Trial pageClinicalTrials.govUpdated 7 Apr 2015

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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