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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2012

12 results

Evaluation of an [(18)F]AlF-NOTA Analog of Exendin-4 for Imaging of GLP-1 Receptor in Insulinoma.

Kiesewetter DO, Guo N, Guo J, Gao H, Zhu L, Ma Y, Niu G, Chen X

Theranostics17 Oct 2012Cited by 54 (Europe PMC)

PMID23139727 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3493201 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.7150/thno.5276 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-23139727
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone12

In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  1. 01AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice with INS-1 xenografts, labeled exendin‑4 analogue tumor uptake peaked by 5 minutes and remained nearly constant.

    In plain wordsIn mice, labeled exendin‑4 analogue uptake in tumors peaked by 5 minutes and remained nearly constant.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTumor uptake
    Study

    mousen = 4

    nude mice with INS-1 xenografts
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Cancer

    Measurements

    Tumor uptake
    16.09 % ID/g
    maximum by 5 min

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tumor uptake had reached its maximum (16.09 ± 1.18% ID/g, n = 4) by 5 min and remained nearly constant for the duration of the study.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide.
    Summary · context
    Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  2. 02AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, labeled exendin‑4 analogue kidney uptake increased throughout the one-hour observation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, labeled exendin‑4 analogue uptake in kidneys increased throughout the observation.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseKidney uptake
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    nude mice with INS-1 xenografts
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Kidney and urinary

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Kidney uptake continued to increase throughout the entire one hour time course.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide.
    Summary · context
    Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  3. 03AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, native exendin‑4 pre-injection markedly reduced radiotracer tissue uptake, except in liver and kidneys.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 before the tracer reduced tissue uptake compared with no pre-injection, except in liver and kidneys.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseTissue radiotracer uptake blockade
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    nude mice with INS-1 xenografts
    Comparator
    without exendin-4 pre-injection
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Pre-injection of exendin-4 caused a marked reduction in tissue uptake with the major exception of liver and kidneys, in which uptake was not affected.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide.
    Summary · context
    Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  4. 04AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, native exendin‑4 pre-injection did not affect liver radiotracer uptake.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 before the tracer did not change liver uptake compared with no pre-injection.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeLiver radiotracer uptake blockade
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    nude mice with INS-1 xenografts
    Comparator
    without exendin-4 pre-injection
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Pre-injection of exendin-4 caused a marked reduction in tissue uptake with the major exception of liver and kidneys, in which uptake was not affected.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide.
    Summary · context
    Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  5. 05AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, native exendin‑4 pre-injection did not affect kidney radiotracer uptake.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 before the tracer did not change kidney uptake compared with no pre-injection.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeKidney radiotracer uptake blockade
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    nude mice with INS-1 xenografts
    Comparator
    without exendin-4 pre-injection
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Kidney and urinary

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Pre-injection of exendin-4 caused a marked reduction in tissue uptake with the major exception of liver and kidneys, in which uptake was not affected.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide.
    Summary · context
    Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  6. 06AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, tumor extracts contained primarily parent labeled exendin‑4 analogue at 60 minutes.

    In plain wordsIn mice, tumor extracts mainly contained the original labeled exendin‑4 analogue at 60 minutes.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTumor radioactive components
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    nude mice with INS-1 xenografts
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HPLC analysis of the radioactive components in extracts of the tumor and plasma showed primarily parent compound at 60 min post-injection, whereas extracts of kidney and urine contained exclusively one polar radioactive component.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide.
    Summary · context
    Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  7. 07AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, plasma extracts contained primarily parent labeled exendin‑4 analogue at 60 minutes.

    In plain wordsIn mice, plasma extracts mainly contained the original labeled exendin‑4 analogue at 60 minutes.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicablePlasma radioactive components
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    nude mice with INS-1 xenografts
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HPLC analysis of the radioactive components in extracts of the tumor and plasma showed primarily parent compound at 60 min post-injection, whereas extracts of kidney and urine contained exclusively one polar radioactive component.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide.
    Summary · context
    Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  8. 08AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, kidney extracts contained exclusively one polar radioactive component after labeled exendin‑4 analogue injection.

    In plain wordsIn mice, kidney extracts contained only one polar radioactive component after labeled exendin‑4 analogue injection.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableKidney radioactive components
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    nude mice with INS-1 xenografts
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Kidney and urinary

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HPLC analysis of the radioactive components in extracts of the tumor and plasma showed primarily parent compound at 60 min post-injection, whereas extracts of kidney and urine contained exclusively one polar radioactive component.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide.
    Summary · context
    Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  9. 09AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, urine extracts contained exclusively one polar radioactive component after labeled exendin‑4 analogue injection.

    In plain wordsIn mice, urine extracts contained only one polar radioactive component after labeled exendin‑4 analogue injection.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableUrine radioactive components
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    nude mice with INS-1 xenografts
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Kidney and urinary

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HPLC analysis of the radioactive components in extracts of the tumor and plasma showed primarily parent compound at 60 min post-injection, whereas extracts of kidney and urine contained exclusively one polar radioactive component.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide.
    Summary · context
    Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  10. 10LabNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other

    In laboratory synthesis, the labeled exendin‑4 analogue had a radiochemical yield of 23.6 ± 2.4% after HPLC.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, the labeled exendin‑4 analogue had a reported radiochemical yield after purification.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableRadiochemical yield
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    radiotracer synthesis
    Outcome group
    Synthesis and manufacturing · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    Radiochemical yield
    23.6%
    uncorrected after HPLC

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The radiosynthesis provided [(18)F]AlF-NOTA-MAL-cys(40)-exendin-4 in 23.6 ± 2.4 % radiochemical yield (uncorrected, n = 3) after HPLC; the process required about 55 min.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  11. 11LabNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other

    In laboratory synthesis, producing the labeled exendin‑4 analogue required about 55 minutes.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, producing the labeled exendin‑4 analogue required about 55 minutes.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableRadiosynthesis duration
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    radiotracer synthesis
    Outcome group
    Synthesis and manufacturing · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    Process duration
    ≈ 55 min
    radiosynthesis

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The radiosynthesis provided [(18)F]AlF-NOTA-MAL-cys(40)-exendin-4 in 23.6 ± 2.4 % radiochemical yield (uncorrected, n = 3) after HPLC; the process required about 55 min.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

  12. 12LabNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Activity measurement

    In laboratory preparation, the labeled exendin‑4 analogue had specific activity of 19.6 to 31.4 GBq/µmol at injection.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, the labeled exendin‑4 analogue had a measured range of specific activity at injection.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Not applicableSpecific activity
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    radiotracer preparation
    Outcome group
    Synthesis and manufacturing · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    Specific activity
    19.6 to 31.4 GBq/µmol
    time of injection

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The specific activity at time of injection ranged from 19.6 to 31.4 GBq (0.53-0.85 Ci)/µmol.

    In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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