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Study · In vitro (cells) · rat and mouse · 2012

6 results

Thymosin β 4 mediates oligodendrocyte differentiation by upregulating p38 MAPK.

Santra M, Chopp M, Zhang ZG, Lu M, Santra S, Nalani A, Santra S, Morris DC

Glia1 Aug 2012Cited by 37 (Europe PMC)

PMID23073962 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3657755 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1002/glia.22400 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-23073962
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In rat neural progenitor cells and mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, thymosin beta‑4 significantly induced p38MAPK expression.

    In plain wordsIn rat and mouse cells, thymosin beta‑4 raised the expression of p38MAPK, a protein linked to oligodendrocyte maturation.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Increasep38MAPK expression
    Study

    rat, mousen: not reported in source

    primary rat neural progenitor cells and mouse N20.1 oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
    Comparator
    0 ng/mL Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    0, 25, and 50 ng/mL · 14 daysAs given in this study (rat, mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot data showed significant induction of both expression and phosphorylation of p38MAPK with simultaneous inhibition of phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), leading to reduction of phosphorylation o…
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    We used primary rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and a mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) line (N20.1 cells) to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Tβ4-enhanced oligodendrogenesis.
    Summary · context
    Primary NPCs and N20.1 cells were grown in the presence of 0, 25, and 50 ng/mL of Tβ4 (RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD) for 14 days.
  2. 02LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In rat neural progenitor cells and mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, thymosin beta‑4 significantly induced p38MAPK phosphorylation.

    In plain wordsIn rat and mouse cells, thymosin beta‑4 raised the activation of p38MAPK.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Increasep38MAPK phosphorylation
    Study

    rat, mousen: not reported in source

    primary rat neural progenitor cells and mouse N20.1 oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
    Comparator
    0 ng/mL Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    0, 25, and 50 ng/mL · 14 daysAs given in this study (rat, mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot data showed significant induction of both expression and phosphorylation of p38MAPK with simultaneous inhibition of phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), leading to reduction of phosphorylation o…
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    We used primary rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and a mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) line (N20.1 cells) to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Tβ4-enhanced oligodendrogenesis.
    Summary · context
    Primary NPCs and N20.1 cells were grown in the presence of 0, 25, and 50 ng/mL of Tβ4 (RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD) for 14 days.
  3. 03LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In rat neural progenitor cells and mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, thymosin beta‑4 inhibited ERK1 phosphorylation.

    In plain wordsIn rat and mouse cells, thymosin beta‑4 lowered the activation of ERK1.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    DecreaseERK1 phosphorylation
    Study

    rat, mousen: not reported in source

    primary rat neural progenitor cells and mouse N20.1 oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
    Comparator
    0 ng/mL Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    0, 25, and 50 ng/mL · 14 daysAs given in this study (rat, mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot data showed significant induction of both expression and phosphorylation of p38MAPK with simultaneous inhibition of phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), leading to reduction of phosphorylation o…
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    We used primary rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and a mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) line (N20.1 cells) to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Tβ4-enhanced oligodendrogenesis.
    Summary · context
    Primary NPCs and N20.1 cells were grown in the presence of 0, 25, and 50 ng/mL of Tβ4 (RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD) for 14 days.
  4. 04LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In rat neural progenitor cells and mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, thymosin beta‑4 inhibited JNK1 phosphorylation.

    In plain wordsIn rat and mouse cells, thymosin beta‑4 lowered the activation of JNK1.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    DecreaseJNK1 phosphorylation
    Study

    rat, mousen: not reported in source

    primary rat neural progenitor cells and mouse N20.1 oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
    Comparator
    0 ng/mL Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    0, 25, and 50 ng/mL · 14 daysAs given in this study (rat, mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot data showed significant induction of both expression and phosphorylation of p38MAPK with simultaneous inhibition of phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), leading to reduction of phosphorylation o…
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    We used primary rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and a mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) line (N20.1 cells) to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Tβ4-enhanced oligodendrogenesis.
    Summary · context
    Primary NPCs and N20.1 cells were grown in the presence of 0, 25, and 50 ng/mL of Tβ4 (RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD) for 14 days.
  5. 05LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In rat neural progenitor cells and mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, thymosin beta‑4 reduced c-Jun phosphorylation.

    In plain wordsIn rat and mouse cells, thymosin beta‑4 lowered the activation of c-Jun, a brake on myelin gene activity.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Decreasec-Jun phosphorylation
    Study

    rat, mousen: not reported in source

    primary rat neural progenitor cells and mouse N20.1 oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
    Comparator
    0 ng/mL Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    0, 25, and 50 ng/mL · 14 daysAs given in this study (rat, mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot data showed significant induction of both expression and phosphorylation of p38MAPK with simultaneous inhibition of phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), leading to reduction of phosphorylation o…
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    We used primary rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and a mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) line (N20.1 cells) to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Tβ4-enhanced oligodendrogenesis.
    Summary · context
    Primary NPCs and N20.1 cells were grown in the presence of 0, 25, and 50 ng/mL of Tβ4 (RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD) for 14 days.
  6. 06LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In rat neural progenitor cells and mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, transfection with Tβ4 siRNA reversed the effects of thymosin beta‑4 on the p38MAPK pathway.

    In plain wordsIn rat and mouse cells, blocking thymosin beta‑4 with siRNA reversed the changes that thymosin beta‑4 caused in this pathway.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableReversal of Tβ4 effects by Tβ4 siRNA
    Study

    rat, mousen: not reported in source

    primary rat neural progenitor cells and mouse N20.1 oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
    Comparator
    0 ng/mL Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    0, 25, and 50 ng/mL · 14 daysAs given in this study (rat, mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    These effects were reversed with transfection of Tβ4siRNA.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    We used primary rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and a mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) line (N20.1 cells) to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Tβ4-enhanced oligodendrogenesis.
    Summary · context
    Primary NPCs and N20.1 cells were grown in the presence of 0, 25, and 50 ng/mL of Tβ4 (RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD) for 14 days.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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