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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2012

9 results

Thymosin β4 promotes the recovery of peripheral neuropathy in type II diabetic mice.

Wang L, Chopp M, Szalad A, Liu Z, Lu M, Zhang L, Zhang J, Zhang RL, Morris D, Zhang ZG

Neurobiology of disease10 Aug 2012Cited by 35 (Europe PMC)

PMID22922221 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3533234 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.nbd.2012.08.002 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-22922221
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

8 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic mice, Tβ4 treatment increased functional vascular density in the sciatic nerve.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, thymosin β4 increased the density of working blood vessels in the sciatic nerve.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseFunctional vascular density in sciatic nerve
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tβ4 treatment of diabetic mice increased functional vascular density and regional blood flow in the sciatic nerve, and improved nerve function.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using a mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) ameliorates diabetes-induced neurovascular dysfunction in the sciatic nerve and promotes recovery of neurological function from diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic mice, Tβ4 treatment increased regional blood flow in the sciatic nerve.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, thymosin β4 increased blood flow in the sciatic nerve.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseRegional blood flow in sciatic nerve
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tβ4 treatment of diabetic mice increased functional vascular density and regional blood flow in the sciatic nerve, and improved nerve function.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using a mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) ameliorates diabetes-induced neurovascular dysfunction in the sciatic nerve and promotes recovery of neurological function from diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic mice, Tβ4 treatment improved nerve function.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, thymosin β4 improved nerve function.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseNerve function
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tβ4 treatment of diabetic mice increased functional vascular density and regional blood flow in the sciatic nerve, and improved nerve function.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using a mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) ameliorates diabetes-induced neurovascular dysfunction in the sciatic nerve and promotes recovery of neurological function from diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In diabetic mice, Tβ4 upregulated Ang1 expression in endothelial and Schwann cells of the sciatic nerve.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, thymosin β4 raised a blood vessel growth factor, Ang1, in nerve cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseAngiopoietin-1 expression in diabetic sciatic nerve
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tβ4 upregulated angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) expression, but suppressed Ang2 expression in endothelial and Schwann cells in the diabetic sciatic nerve.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using a mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) ameliorates diabetes-induced neurovascular dysfunction in the sciatic nerve and promotes recovery of neurological function from diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In diabetic mice, Tβ4 suppressed Ang2 expression in endothelial and Schwann cells of the sciatic nerve.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, thymosin β4 lowered the blood vessel factor Ang2 in nerve cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    DecreaseAngiopoietin-2 expression in diabetic sciatic nerve
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tβ4 upregulated angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) expression, but suppressed Ang2 expression in endothelial and Schwann cells in the diabetic sciatic nerve.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using a mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) ameliorates diabetes-induced neurovascular dysfunction in the sciatic nerve and promotes recovery of neurological function from diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  6. 06LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In HUVECs under high glucose, Tβ4 completely abolished the high glucose-induced downregulation of Ang1 expression.

    In plain wordsIn cells under high sugar, thymosin β4 fully reversed the drop in Ang1 caused by sugar.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseAng1 expression under high glucose in HUVECs
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    HUVECs under high glucose
    Comparator
    High glucose without Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In vitro, incubation of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) with Tβ4 under high glucose condition completely abolished high glucose-downregulated Ang1 expression and high glucose-reduced capillary-like tube formation.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using a mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) ameliorates diabetes-induced neurovascular dysfunction in the sciatic nerve and promotes recovery of neurological function from diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  7. 07LabIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    In HUVECs under high glucose, Tβ4 completely abolished the high glucose-induced reduction of capillary-like tube formation.

    In plain wordsIn cells under high sugar, thymosin β4 fully reversed the loss of tube-like structure formation.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseCapillary-like tube formation under high glucose in HUVECs
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    HUVECs under high glucose
    Comparator
    High glucose without Tβ4
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In vitro, incubation of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) with Tβ4 under high glucose condition completely abolished high glucose-downregulated Ang1 expression and high glucose-reduced capillary-like tube formation.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using a mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) ameliorates diabetes-induced neurovascular dysfunction in the sciatic nerve and promotes recovery of neurological function from diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  8. 08LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In endothelial and Schwann cells, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was involved in Tβ4-regulated Ang1 expression.

    In plain wordsIn cells, the PI3K/Akt pathway was involved in how thymosin β4 changed Ang1.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicablePI3K/Akt involvement in Tβ4-regulated Ang1 expression
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    endothelial and Schwann cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in Tβ4-regulated Ang1 expression on endothelial and Schwann cells.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using a mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) ameliorates diabetes-induced neurovascular dysfunction in the sciatic nerve and promotes recovery of neurological function from diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  1. 09LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    In HUVECs under high glucose, conditioned medium from Tβ4-treated human Schwann cells significantly reversed the high glucose-decreased capillary-like tube formation.

    In plain wordsIn human vein cells under high sugar, fluid from nerve support cells exposed to Tβ4 reversed the drop in tube-like vessel formation.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTube formation with conditioned medium from Tβ4-treated Schwann cells
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    HUVECs under high glucose with conditioned medium from Tβ4-treated human Schwann cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Moreover, incubation of HUVECs under high glucose with conditioned medium collected from Human Schwann Cells (HSCs) treated with Tβ4 significantly reversed high glucose-decreased capillary-like tube formation.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using a mouse model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, we tested the hypothesis that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) ameliorates diabetes-induced neurovascular dysfunction in the sciatic nerve and promotes recovery of neurological function from diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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