Glycaemic efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as add-on therapy to metformin in subjects with type 2 diabetes-a review and meta analysis.

Deacon CF, Mannucci E, Ahrén B

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism24 Apr 2012Cited by 139 (Europe PMC)

PMID22471248DOI10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01603.xPepBankPUB-22471248

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

01HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide or exenatide LAR) lowered HbA1c more than exenatide BID or DPP-4 inhibitors.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes taking metformin, long-acting GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, lowered HbA1c more than exenatide twice daily or DPP-4 inhibitors.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c reduction versus exenatide BID and DPP-4 inhibitors
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Exenatide BID and DPP-4 inhibitors
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
The reduction in HbA1c was significantly greater in study groups with long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists than with the other two groups (both p < 0.001), whereas there were no differences between exenatide BID and DPP-4 inhibitors.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 27 study groups in 21 studies fulfilled the criteria of examining incretin-based therapy as add-on to metformin at clinically recommended doses in patients with type 2 diabetes for 16-30 weeks; 7 of these used a short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist (exenatide BID), 7 used longer acting GLP…
Summary · context
Studies having a duration of 16-30 weeks were identified from PubMed.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-2247124801
02HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin, fasting glucose fell more with liraglutide or exenatide LAR than with exenatide BID or DPP-4 inhibitors.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes taking metformin, fasting blood sugar fell more with liraglutide or exenatide LAR than with other GLP-1 or DPP-4 drugs.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseFasting glucose reduction
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Exenatide BID and DPP-4 inhibitors
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Fasting glucose also fell significantly more in study groups given liraglutide or exenatide LAR than in those given exenatide BID or DPP-4 inhibitors (both p < 0.001).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 27 study groups in 21 studies fulfilled the criteria of examining incretin-based therapy as add-on to metformin at clinically recommended doses in patients with type 2 diabetes for 16-30 weeks; 7 of these used a short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist (exenatide BID), 7 used longer acting GLP…
Summary · context
Studies having a duration of 16-30 weeks were identified from PubMed.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-2247124802
03HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin, body weight was reduced by a similar extent with exenatide BID and with long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide or exenatide LAR), and was not significantly altered with DPP-4 inhibitors.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes taking metformin, GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, lowered body weight. DPP-4 inhibitors did not change it significantly.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseBody weight
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
DPP-4 inhibitors
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Furthermore, body weight was reduced by a similar extent in the two groups with GLP-1 receptor agonists and was not significantly altered in the groups with DPP-4 inhibitors.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 27 study groups in 21 studies fulfilled the criteria of examining incretin-based therapy as add-on to metformin at clinically recommended doses in patients with type 2 diabetes for 16-30 weeks; 7 of these used a short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist (exenatide BID), 7 used longer acting GLP…
Summary · context
Studies having a duration of 16-30 weeks were identified from PubMed.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-2247124803
04HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
Incidence of nausea was increased with GLP-1 receptor agonists (including liraglutide) in adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin.
In plain wordsNausea happened more often with GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, in adults with type 2 diabetes taking metformin.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseNausea
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Adverse events were rare, apart from increased incidence of nausea and vomiting with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 27 study groups in 21 studies fulfilled the criteria of examining incretin-based therapy as add-on to metformin at clinically recommended doses in patients with type 2 diabetes for 16-30 weeks; 7 of these used a short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist (exenatide BID), 7 used longer acting GLP…
Summary · context
Studies having a duration of 16-30 weeks were identified from PubMed.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-2247124804
05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome
Incidence of vomiting was increased with GLP-1 receptor agonists (including liraglutide) in adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin.
In plain wordsVomiting happened more often with GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, in adults with type 2 diabetes taking metformin.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
IncreaseVomiting
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Adverse events were rare, apart from increased incidence of nausea and vomiting with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A total of 27 study groups in 21 studies fulfilled the criteria of examining incretin-based therapy as add-on to metformin at clinically recommended doses in patients with type 2 diabetes for 16-30 weeks; 7 of these used a short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist (exenatide BID), 7 used longer acting GLP…
Summary · context
Studies having a duration of 16-30 weeks were identified from PubMed.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-2247124805
06HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin, incretin-based therapy, which included long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists such as liraglutide, reduced HbA1c in all included studies.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes taking metformin, incretin-based drugs as a group, including liraglutide, lowered HbA1c in all included studies.
Peptide
Liraglutide
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c reduction in all incretin-based therapy study groups
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
In all studies, incretin-based therapy reduced HbA1c concentrations.
In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.
Report a problemFND-2247124806

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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