A randomized non-inferiority study comparing the addition of exenatide twice daily to sitagliptin or switching from sitagliptin to exenatide twice daily in patients with type 2 diabetes experiencing inadequate glycaemic control on metformin and sitagliptin.

Violante R, Oliveira JH, Yoon KH, Reed VA, Yu MB, Bachmann OP, Lüdemann J, Chan JY

Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association1 Nov 2012Cited by 31 (Europe PMC)

PMID22375612DOI10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03624.xPepBankPUB-22375612

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone7

In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

01HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In patients with diabetes, SWITCH did not demonstrate HbA1c non-inferiority to ADD.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, switching from sitagliptin to exenatide did not establish non-inferiority to adding exenatide to sitagliptin.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
Not applicableHbA1c non-inferiority
Study
n = 255
Comparator
ADD: exenatide plus sitagliptin and metformin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Between-treatment HbA1c difference
0.3%
SWITCH versus ADD, week 20
Between-treatment HbA1c difference
3 mmol/mol
SWITCH versus ADD, week 20
Source sentences
Summary
Non-inferiority (0.4% margin) of SWITCH to ADD treatment, measured by change in HbA(1c) from baseline to week 20, was not shown {between-treatment difference in least-squares mean [95% CI 3 mmol/mol (0.30%)] [0.8-5.8 (0.07-0.53)]}.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients with Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with sitagliptin plus metformin were randomly assigned to 20 weeks of treatment with twice-daily exenatide plus placebo and metformin (SWITCH, n = 127) or twice-daily exenatide plus sitagliptin and metformin (ADD, n = 128).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2237561201
02HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In patients with diabetes, ADD reduced HbA1c more than SWITCH.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, adding exenatide reduced HbA1c more than switching to exenatide.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c reduction
Study
n = 255
Comparator
SWITCH: exenatide plus placebo and metformin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
HbA1c change
−0.68%
ADD, week 20
HbA1c change
−7 mmol/mol
ADD, week 20
HbA1c change
−0.38%
SWITCH, week 20
HbA1c change
−4 mmol/mol
SWITCH, week 20
Source sentences
Summary
A greater reduction (P = 0.012) in HbA(1c) [least-squares mean (se)] was experienced by patients in the ADD group {-7 mmol/mol [-0.68%] [0.9 (0.08)]}, compared with those in the SWITCH group {-4 mmol/mol [-0.38%] [1.0 (0.09)]}
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients with Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with sitagliptin plus metformin were randomly assigned to 20 weeks of treatment with twice-daily exenatide plus placebo and metformin (SWITCH, n = 127) or twice-daily exenatide plus sitagliptin and metformin (ADD, n = 128).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2237561202
03HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In patients with diabetes, more ADD than SWITCH participants reached the HbA1c target.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, more patients reached the glucose target with ADD than SWITCH.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
IncreaseHbA1c target attainment
Study
n = 255
Comparator
SWITCH: exenatide plus placebo and metformin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Patients reaching HbA1c <7.0%
41.7%
ADD, week 20
Patients reaching HbA1c <7.0%
26.6%
SWITCH, week 20
Source sentences
Summary
and a greater proportion (P = 0.027) of patients in the ADD group (41.7%) reached < 7.0% (< 53 mmol/mol) HbA(1c) target, compared with those in the SWITCH group (26.6%) by week 20.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients with Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with sitagliptin plus metformin were randomly assigned to 20 weeks of treatment with twice-daily exenatide plus placebo and metformin (SWITCH, n = 127) or twice-daily exenatide plus sitagliptin and metformin (ADD, n = 128).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2237561203
04HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin and sitagliptin, adding sitagliptin to exenatide plus metformin (ADD) reduced fasting serum glucose more than switching to exenatide plus placebo and metformin (SWITCH) by week 20.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, adding exenatide to sitagliptin lowered fasting blood sugar more than switching from sitagliptin to exenatide by week 20.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseFasting serum glucose
Study
n = 255
Comparator
SWITCH: exenatide plus placebo and metformin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Patients in the ADD group experienced greater fasting serum glucose (P = 0.038) and daily mean postprandial self-monitored blood glucose (P = 0.048) reductions, compared with patients in the SWITCH group, by week 20.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients with Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with sitagliptin plus metformin were randomly assigned to 20 weeks of treatment with twice-daily exenatide plus placebo and metformin (SWITCH, n = 127) or twice-daily exenatide plus sitagliptin and metformin (ADD, n = 128).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2237561204
05HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin and sitagliptin, adding sitagliptin to exenatide plus metformin (ADD) reduced daily mean postprandial self-monitored blood glucose more than switching to exenatide plus placebo and metformin (SWITCH) by week 20.
In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, adding exenatide to sitagliptin lowered blood sugar after meals more than switching from sitagliptin to exenatide by week 20.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreasePostprandial blood glucose
Study
n = 255
Comparator
SWITCH: exenatide plus placebo and metformin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Patients in the ADD group experienced greater fasting serum glucose (P = 0.038) and daily mean postprandial self-monitored blood glucose (P = 0.048) reductions, compared with patients in the SWITCH group, by week 20.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients with Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with sitagliptin plus metformin were randomly assigned to 20 weeks of treatment with twice-daily exenatide plus placebo and metformin (SWITCH, n = 127) or twice-daily exenatide plus sitagliptin and metformin (ADD, n = 128).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2237561205
06HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
In patients with diabetes, both exenatide regimens had less nausea than previous exenatide studies.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, both regimens had less nausea than previous exenatide studies.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseNausea
Study
n = 255
Comparator
Previous exenatide studies
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Patients in both groups experienced a lower incidence of nausea and vomiting compared with previous exenatide studies.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients with Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with sitagliptin plus metformin were randomly assigned to 20 weeks of treatment with twice-daily exenatide plus placebo and metformin (SWITCH, n = 127) or twice-daily exenatide plus sitagliptin and metformin (ADD, n = 128).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2237561206
07HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
In patients with diabetes, both exenatide regimens had less vomiting than previous exenatide studies.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, both regimens had less vomiting than previous exenatide studies.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseVomiting
Study
n = 255
Comparator
Previous exenatide studies
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Patients in both groups experienced a lower incidence of nausea and vomiting compared with previous exenatide studies.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Patients with Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with sitagliptin plus metformin were randomly assigned to 20 weeks of treatment with twice-daily exenatide plus placebo and metformin (SWITCH, n = 127) or twice-daily exenatide plus sitagliptin and metformin (ADD, n = 128).
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2237561207

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · 1 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 4Results postedNCT00870194

A Comparison of Adding Exenatide With Switching to Exenatide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Experiencing Inadequate Glycemic Control With Sitagliptin Plus Metformin

AstraZenecan = 255Mar 2009 to Apr 2010

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Trial page ClinicalTrials.govUpdated 9 Apr 2015

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.