Skip to content

Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2012

19 results

Exendin-4 improves steatohepatitis by increasing Sirt1 expression in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice.

Lee J, Hong SW, Chae SW, Kim DH, Choi JH, Bae JC, Park SE, Rhee EJ, Park CY, Oh KW, Park SW, Kim SW, Lee WY

PloS one17 Feb 2012Cited by 123 (Europe PMC)

Summary

The effects of exendin-4 on Sirt1 expression as a mechanism of reducing fatty liver have not been previously reported. Therefore, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of exendin-4 treatment on fatty liver are mediated via Sirt1 in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice and related cell culture models. Exendin-4 treatment decreased body weight, serum free fatty acid (FA), and triglyceride levels in HF-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. Histological analysis showed that exendin-4 reversed HF-induced hepatic accumulation of lipids and inflammation. Exendin-4 treatment increased mRNA and protein expression of Sirt1 and its downstream factor, AMPK, in vivo and also induced genes associated with FA oxidation and glucose metabolism. In addition, a significant increase in the hepatic expression of Lkb1 and Nampt mRNA was observed in exendin-4-treated groups. We also observed increased expression of phospho-Foxo1 and GLUT2, which are involved in hepatic glucose metabolism. In HepG2 and Huh7 cells, mRNA and protein expressions of GLP-1R were increased by exendin-4 treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Exendin-4 enhanced protein expression of Sirt1 and phospho-AMPKα in HepG2 cells treated with 0.4 mM palmitic acid. We also found that Sirt1 was an upstream regulator of AMPK in hepatocytes. A novel finding of this study was the observation that expression of GLP-1R is proportional to exendin-4 concentration and exendin-4 could attenuate fatty liver through activation of Sirt1.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study19

19 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In obese mice, exendin‑4 decreased body weight.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diet-induced obesity, exendin‑4 decreased body weight.

    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment decreased body weight, serum free fatty acid (FA), and triglyceride levels in HF-induced obese C57BL/6J mice.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In obese mice, exendin‑4 decreased serum free fatty acid levels.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diet-induced obesity, exendin‑4 decreased blood free fatty acids.

    Outcome
    DecreaseSerum free fatty acids
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Lipids · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment decreased body weight, serum free fatty acid (FA), and triglyceride levels in HF-induced obese C57BL/6J mice.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In obese mice, exendin‑4 decreased serum triglycerides.

    In plain wordsIn mice with diet-induced obesity, exendin‑4 decreased blood triglycerides.

    Outcome
    DecreaseSerum triglycerides
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Lipids · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment decreased body weight, serum free fatty acid (FA), and triglyceride levels in HF-induced obese C57BL/6J mice.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In mice, exendin‑4 reversed high-fat diet-induced hepatic lipid accumulation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reversed liver fat accumulation caused by a high-fat diet.

    Outcome
    DecreaseHepatic lipid accumulation
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Liver fat and liver function · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Histological analysis showed that exendin-4 reversed HF-induced hepatic accumulation of lipids and inflammation.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In mice, exendin‑4 reversed high-fat diet-induced hepatic inflammation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 reversed liver inflammation caused by a high-fat diet.

    Outcome
    DecreaseHepatic inflammation
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Histological analysis showed that exendin-4 reversed HF-induced hepatic accumulation of lipids and inflammation.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, exendin‑4 increased Sirt1 mRNA expression.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 increased Sirt1 gene expression.

    Outcome
    IncreaseSirt1 mRNA expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment increased mRNA and protein expression of Sirt1 and its downstream factor, AMPK, in vivo and also induced genes associated with FA oxidation and glucose metabolism.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, exendin‑4 increased Sirt1 protein expression.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 increased Sirt1 protein levels.

    Outcome
    IncreaseSirt1 protein expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment increased mRNA and protein expression of Sirt1 and its downstream factor, AMPK, in vivo and also induced genes associated with FA oxidation and glucose metabolism.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, exendin‑4 increased AMPK mRNA expression.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 increased AMPK gene expression.

    Outcome
    IncreaseAMPK mRNA expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment increased mRNA and protein expression of Sirt1 and its downstream factor, AMPK, in vivo and also induced genes associated with FA oxidation and glucose metabolism.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, exendin‑4 increased AMPK protein expression.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 increased AMPK protein levels.

    Outcome
    IncreaseAMPK protein expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment increased mRNA and protein expression of Sirt1 and its downstream factor, AMPK, in vivo and also induced genes associated with FA oxidation and glucose metabolism.
  10. 10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, exendin‑4 induced genes associated with fatty acid oxidation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 increased expression of genes related to fatty acid use.

    Outcome
    IncreaseFatty acid oxidation gene expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment increased mRNA and protein expression of Sirt1 and its downstream factor, AMPK, in vivo and also induced genes associated with FA oxidation and glucose metabolism.
  11. 11AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, exendin‑4 induced genes associated with glucose metabolism.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 increased expression of genes related to glucose processing.

    Outcome
    IncreaseGlucose metabolism gene expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment increased mRNA and protein expression of Sirt1 and its downstream factor, AMPK, in vivo and also induced genes associated with FA oxidation and glucose metabolism.
  12. 12AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, exendin‑4 increased hepatic Lkb1 mRNA expression.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 increased liver Lkb1 gene expression.

    Outcome
    IncreaseLkb1 mRNA expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, a significant increase in the hepatic expression of Lkb1 and Nampt mRNA was observed in exendin-4-treated groups.
  13. 13AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, exendin‑4 increased hepatic Nampt mRNA expression.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 increased liver Nampt gene expression.

    Outcome
    IncreaseNampt mRNA expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, a significant increase in the hepatic expression of Lkb1 and Nampt mRNA was observed in exendin-4-treated groups.
  14. 14AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the exendin‑4 mouse study, phospho-Foxo1 expression increased.

    In plain wordsIn mice, phospho-Foxo1 expression increased during exendin‑4 treatment.

    Outcome
    IncreasePhospho-Foxo1 expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    We also observed increased expression of phospho-Foxo1 and GLUT2, which are involved in hepatic glucose metabolism.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of exendin-4 treatment on fatty liver are mediated via Sirt1 in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice and related cell culture models.
  15. 15AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the exendin‑4 mouse study, GLUT2 expression increased.

    In plain wordsIn mice, GLUT2 expression increased during exendin‑4 treatment.

    Outcome
    IncreaseGLUT2 expression
    Study

    micen: not reported in source

    High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    We also observed increased expression of phospho-Foxo1 and GLUT2, which are involved in hepatic glucose metabolism.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of exendin-4 treatment on fatty liver are mediated via Sirt1 in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice and related cell culture models.
  16. 16LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In HepG2 and Huh7 cells, exendin‑4 increased GLP-1R mRNA expression dose-dependently.

    In plain wordsIn cells, exendin‑4 increased GLP-1R gene expression as the dose increased.

    Outcome
    IncreaseGLP-1R mRNA expression
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    HepG2 and Huh7 cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In HepG2 and Huh7 cells, mRNA and protein expressions of GLP-1R were increased by exendin-4 treatment in a dose-dependent manner.
  17. 17LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In HepG2 and Huh7 cells, exendin‑4 increased GLP-1R protein expression dose-dependently.

    In plain wordsIn cells, exendin‑4 increased GLP-1R protein levels as the dose increased.

    Outcome
    IncreaseGLP-1R protein expression
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    HepG2 and Huh7 cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In HepG2 and Huh7 cells, mRNA and protein expressions of GLP-1R were increased by exendin-4 treatment in a dose-dependent manner.
  18. 18LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cells, exendin‑4 increased Sirt1 protein expression.

    In plain wordsIn cells exposed to palmitic acid, exendin‑4 increased Sirt1 protein levels.

    Outcome
    IncreaseSirt1 protein in cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    HepG2 cells treated with 0.4 mM palmitic acid
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 enhanced protein expression of Sirt1 and phospho-AMPKα in HepG2 cells treated with 0.4 mM palmitic acid.
  19. 19LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cells, exendin‑4 increased phospho-AMPKα protein expression.

    In plain wordsIn cells exposed to palmitic acid, exendin‑4 increased phospho-AMPKα protein levels.

    Outcome
    IncreasePhospho-AMPKα protein in cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    HepG2 cells treated with 0.4 mM palmitic acid
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Liver
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 enhanced protein expression of Sirt1 and phospho-AMPKα in HepG2 cells treated with 0.4 mM palmitic acid.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.