Expression of thymosin β4 in odontoblasts during mouse tooth development.

Choi BD, Yun SH, Jeong SJ, Wang G, Kim HJ, Lim DS, Jeong MJ

International journal of molecular medicine13 Feb 2012Cited by 2 (Europe PMC)

PMID22344518DOI10.3892/ijmm.2012.913PepBankPUB-22344518

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured5

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In mouse embryos at E15, Tβ4 was expressed in the oral epithelium and inside cells of the tooth bud.
In plain wordsIn mouse embryos, the body's own Tβ4 was found in the mouth lining and inside tooth bud cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTβ4 expression on embryonic day 15
Study
mousen: not reported in source
mouse tooth bud, embryonic day 15
Outcome group
Gene expression · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
As observed by immunohistochemistry, Tβ4 was expressed in the oral epithelium and inside cells of the tooth bud on embryonic day 15 (E15).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Therefore, this study examined the expression and function of Tβ4 in differentiating odontoblasts during tooth development.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2234451801
02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In mouse embryos at E17, Tβ4 was strongly expressed in the dental lamina and oral epithelium, but only in part of the cells in the outer and inner dental epithelium.
In plain wordsIn mouse embryos, the body's own Tβ4 was strong in the early tooth layer and mouth lining, but found in only some other tooth cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTβ4 expression on embryonic day 17
Study
mousen: not reported in source
mouse tooth development, embryonic day 17
Outcome group
Gene expression · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Further, on E17, Tβ4 was expressed strongly in the dental lamina and oral epithelium, but only expressed in part of the cells in the outer and inner dental epithelium.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Therefore, this study examined the expression and function of Tβ4 in differentiating odontoblasts during tooth development.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2234451802
03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In mouse odontoblasts, Tβ4 was strongly expressed in the entire cytoplasm on PN1 and intensively in the apical area on PN4.
In plain wordsIn young mice, the body's own Tβ4 was found throughout tooth-forming cells at day 1 and at their tips at day 4.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTβ4 location in odontoblasts at PN1 and PN4
Study
mousen: not reported in source
mouse odontoblasts, postnatal days 1 and 4
Outcome group
Gene expression · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Tβ4 was strongly expressed in the entire cytoplasm of odontoblasts on postnatal day 1 (PN1) and expressed intensively in the apical area of odontoblasts on PN4.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Therefore, this study examined the expression and function of Tβ4 in differentiating odontoblasts during tooth development.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2234451803
04AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In mouse odontoblasts, Tβ4 expression increased gradually from PN1 to PN21.
In plain wordsIn young mice, the body's own Tβ4 in tooth-forming cells rose gradually from day 1 to day 21.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseTβ4 expression in odontoblasts over time
Study
mousen: not reported in source
mouse odontoblasts, PN1 to PN21
Comparator
PN1
Outcome group
Gene expression · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Further, expression of Tβ4 was increased gradually in odontoblasts from PN1 to PN21.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Therefore, this study examined the expression and function of Tβ4 in differentiating odontoblasts during tooth development.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2234451804
05LabEndogenous levelIn vitro (cells)Other
In MDPC-23 odontoblast cells, Tβ4 mRNA and protein rose strongly on day 4 and gradually decreased from day 14.
In plain wordsIn lab-grown tooth-forming cells, the body's own Tβ4 peaked on day 4 and then fell from day 14.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
MixedTβ4 mRNA and protein over time in MDPC-23 cells
Study
mousen: not reported in source
MDPC-23 odontoblast cell line
Outcome group
Gene expression · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
In an odontoblast cell line, MDPC-23, expression of Tβ4 mRNA and protein was increased strongly on day 4 and gradually decreased from day 14.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Therefore, this study examined the expression and function of Tβ4 in differentiating odontoblasts during tooth development.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2234451805

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

06LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Other
In MDPC-23 cells, Tβ4 knockdown significantly decreased expression of DSPP, BSP, OCN, ON and collagen type I during differentiation.
In plain wordsIn lab-grown tooth-forming cells, silencing Tβ4 lowered activity of genes linked to mineralization compared with normal cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseMineralization gene expression after Tβ4 knockdown
Study
mousen: not reported in source
si-Tβ4/MDPC-23 cells
Comparator
MDPC-23 cells
Outcome group
Gene expression · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
The gene expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN), osteonectin (ON), and collagen type I, related with mineralization, was significantly decreased in si-Tβ4/MDPC-23 during differentiation compared to that in MDPC-…
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Therefore, this study examined the expression and function of Tβ4 in differentiating odontoblasts during tooth development.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-2234451806

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

MeSH terms

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.